86 THE ENTOMOLOGIST. 



three of the 3^oung ants from A into B, and three from B into A. 

 At 9.30 none are attacked. At iO, the same. At 10.30, the same ; 

 one is being cleaned. At 12, the same. At 2 p.m. the same. In 

 fact they seemed quite at home with the other ants. The next morn- 

 ing I was unable to recognise them, the paint having been entirely 

 removed. The ants were all peaceably together in the nest, and 

 there were no dead ones either in the nest or in the outer box. It 

 is evident, therefore, that they had been treated as friends. 



August 17. — I put in three more from B into A at noon. At 

 12.30 they were with the other ants. At 1, the same. At 2, the 

 same. At 3, the same. At 5, the same. The following morning 

 I was still able to recognise them, though most of the paint had 

 been removed. They also were evidently treated as part of the 

 community. 



Sept. 19. — Put in three more from A into B at 8.30 a.m. I 

 looked at them at intervals of half an hour ; but none of them 

 were attacked. Next morning there was no ant outside the nest, 

 nor had any been killed. 



Oct. 10. — Put in three more at 7 a.m., and looked at intervals 

 of an hour. They were not attacked, and evidently felt them- 

 selves among friends. The next morning I was still able to 

 recognise two. There was no dead ant either in the nest or the 

 outer box. 



Lastly, on the 15th Oct., I put in four more at 7 a.m., and 

 watched them all day at short intervals. They exhibited no sign 

 of fear, and were never attacked. In fact, they made themselves 

 quite at home, and were evidently, like the preceding, recognised 

 as friends. For the sake of comparison, at noon I put in a 

 stranger. Her behaviour was in marked contrast. The pre- 

 ceding ants seemed quite at home, walked about peaceably among 

 the other ants, and made no attempt to leave the nest. The 

 stranger, on the contrary, ran uneasily about, started away from 

 any ant she met, and made every effort to get out of the nest. 

 After she had three times escaped, I let her go. 



Thus, then, when a nest of Formica fusca is divided early in 

 spring, and when there are no young, the ants produced in each 

 half were in twenty-eight cases all received as friends. In no 

 case was there the slightest trace of enmity. 



