NOTES FKOM GRANGE AND WITHERsLACK. 125 



limbs and body, and take a very long time before they stir ; and 

 many, too, bide away in the hollow bits of stick and reed that 

 form a very large portion of all flood-refuse. Messrs. Wilkinson 

 and Lawson, I have heard, used to place their rubbish in a sieve, 

 with a bag underneath, and then put a little ammonia amongst 

 it : the beetles immediately rushed awaj^ to escape from the 

 fumes, fell into the bag, and so were easily eliminated and 

 captured ; I have never tried this plan, but it seems feasible, 

 unless the ammonia should kill the smaller and more delicate 

 species before they could escape. A basin with steep sides is the 

 best vessel in which to examine Hood-refuse. If a shallow vessel, 

 such as a dish, is used, a great number of beetles will escape. 

 The rubbish may be kept for a long time, and yet be productive. 

 It is always as full of larvae as of beetles, and these will breed 

 out and fresh species keep appearing. 



Lepidopterists will find flood-collecting by no means un- 

 profitable ; for although of course the perfect insect cannot be 

 found, at any rate in any sort of good condition, yet good larvae 

 may often be discovered not much the worse for their immersion, 

 if it has not been a long one. 



The School House, Liucoln, May, 1882, 



NOTES FROM GRANGE AND WITHERSLACK. 

 By Edmund Shuttleworth. 



On May 13th, as the weather was promising, I started from 

 Preston by the 8 a.m. train for Grange, where I arrived at about 

 10 o'clock, when I proceeded to the woods with the intention of 

 doing a little collecting. 



The first insect I saw was a Lycana Argiolus, followed shortly 

 afterwards by a second ; I saw plenty of them in the course 

 of the morning, but, as their favourite flight is over and around 

 the tops of the highest hollies, they are by no means easy to 

 catch. Upon searching the trunks of sundry old and lichen- 

 covered beech trees I boxed about a dozen specimens of Nepticula 

 tityrella, which were sheltering in crevices of the bark on the lee 

 side of the trees ; I also kicked up and captured, from among 

 some dwarf hollies growing round the base of the trees, several 

 fine examples of Nemoplwra Swammerdamella and N. Schwarziella 



