372 THE ENTOMOLOGIST. 



Vanessa Atalanta or two. In special years, however, Vanessa 

 cardui and Colias Edusa have both appeared in considerable 

 abundance, but of course must be considered as visitors only. 

 Smerinthus po2mli is now somewhat scarce, but may still be 

 observed occasionally both in the larval and perfect state upon 

 the willow-trunks ; and the pupae are fairly common in autumn 

 at the roots of those trees. Cossus ligniperda, once very common, 

 is now almost rare. Hejnalus lupul'mus flies swiftly at dusk in 

 June, and the larvae of its congener, H. humuli, may be obtained 

 commonly at the roots of dock in May, the perfect insect being 

 observed in countless numbers a month later, the females being 

 busily employed in shooting out their small black eggs amongst 

 the rank herbage. 



In the whitethorn hedges the little larvae of Nola cucidlatella 

 are busy throughout June, combining with Yponomeuta padella 

 and Tortrix 7'iheana to strip almost every leaf; the imagines are 

 equally abundant in July, sitting on twigs of whitethorn and 

 palings. Arctia caja is common in the larval state, but the moth 

 is rarely observed. A. luhricipeda and A. menthastri, it is almost 

 unnecessary to remark, are everywhere. Liparis salicis is 

 abundant in all stages, branches of willow being sometimes 

 festooned with the pupae. Orgyia antiqua must be regarded as a 

 visitor from town, and one Cilix spimda has at present only one 

 record all to itself, hence it would seem a rarity in this locality ; 

 but, taking into consideration its size and habits, there can 

 be no doubt but that it is a regular inhabitant. The remarks on 

 Smerinthus populi apply equally well to Dicranura viiiula and also 

 to Pygcera hucephala, which, however, is perhaps more commonly 

 met with in the larval state than either of the other two. 



We now come to the Geometrge, of which the list is very 

 meagre. Rumia cratcegata flies near, and the larvae may be beaten 

 from whitethorn hedges. Crocallis elinguaria more rarely in the 

 same situations, the larvae in May, the imagines in July and 

 August. Hemeropliila ahruptaria occurs on the fringes of the 

 marsh, evidently feeding on the privet and lilac in the neigh- 

 bouring gardens. Biston hirtaria and Boarmia rhomhoidaria are 

 both fairly common at their respective times of appearance. 

 Acidalia scutulata may be readily obtained at dusk flying over the 

 mixed herbage, being almost the onl}'- representative of its genus, 

 the exception being A. incanariat which, however, is rarely seen. 



