THE ENTOMOLOGIST. 149 



spring of tbe second year; Callimome abdominalis, />o//., 

 August of the same year; Callimome regius, Nees, in the 

 autumn of the same year, according to Mayr; Pteroraalus 

 Saxesenii, Ratz., in the autumn of the same year; and 

 Pteromalus incrassalus, Ralz., in May of the second year, 

 according to Ratzeburg. Kallenbach gives the following 

 ])arasites of Agama, but on what authority is not stated : — 

 Eurytoma signata, N5. ; Torymus pubescens, /^r.S'<.; Eupelmus 

 nrozonus. Dim. ; Pteromalus fasciculalus, Frst., and Ptero- 

 malus fuscipalpis, Frst. (of these the E. signata of Nees is a 

 compound species ; T. pubescens, Frst., is also a doubtful 

 species, now restricted to a rose species of Syntomaspis; 

 E. urozonus occurs in many of the oak-galls, and the Plero- 

 mali are best left untouched). — Germars ' ZeiiscJirift.'' 

 The other inhabitants of this gall are the same as those 

 of the preceding species. Hartig, in support of his 

 theory that the genus Cynips was agamic, relates his expe- 

 rience in breeding this species and D. folii. He says of 

 C. divisa (called C. disticha at first, in error): — "Cynips 

 disticha was so rare in 1839 that I could not discover a single 

 specimen in my excursions, 1 first found it myself in 1838. 

 ]n the siunmer of 1810 1 found it in such immense numbers 

 that with little trouble I collected about 28,000 galls. On an 

 average, about every third gall contained a Cynips; but out 

 of these 9000 to 10,000 flies there was not a single male." 

 " In the sunnner of 1840, as mentioned above, 1 bred 9000 to 

 10,000 females of C. divisa from 28,000 galls. Notwith- 

 standing this I found the galls quite as abundant in 1841 and 

 1842; and from galls collected, again bred nothing but 

 females. The galls were not collected from one tree, but 

 received each year from a large expanse of country." He 

 also bred from 3000 to 4000 examples of D. folii, all females. 

 The question of parthenogenesis in some of the genera of 

 Cynipida; still remains a puzzle, although it seems nearer 

 solution with some of the entomologists of America, where a 

 male Cynips has been found; but if the European species 

 are not asexual, how exceedingly rare must be the occurrence 

 of the male element to elude detection for so long in the fifty 

 species or upwards, known only in the female sex. 1 have 

 not found the proportion, which the Cynips bred bear to the 

 number of galls, to be anything like so near as in Harlig's 



