202 TIlK ENTOMOLOGIST, 



o'clock in the afternoon. — Otven Wilson; Cwmffrwd, Car- 

 marthenshire, Ai((just 22, 1876. 



Colias Hyale — Is it Double-brooded? — Noticing several 

 records of the occurrence of C. Hyale and C.Edusain the 'En- 

 tomologist,' 'Field,' &c., for this year, as " early appearances," 

 the question suggests itself whether it is generally thought 

 they are specimens of a spring brood : this, I think, is 

 undoubtedly the case. Last autumn Hyale was especially 

 abundant in this neighbourhood; and Mr. G. H. Raynor had 

 the good fortune to see one female deposit six eggs, which he 

 collected. From this we can infer that the species does not 

 hybernate ; and from its appearance in May and June, and 

 again in August and September, it must certainly be a double- 

 brooded species, the spring generation, as with many other 

 species, being much the rarer. My earliest Hyale taken this 

 year was on the 10th June, — a beautifully fresh specimen ; 

 and since then I have seen five or six others. Last si)ring 

 many specimens were seen and taken. It was abundant in 

 the autumn that year. Should the weather be favourable we 

 may expect a plentiful supply of the autumnal brood of both 

 species — C. Hyale and C.Edusa. — Edward A. Fitch; Maldon, 

 Essex, August 7, 1876. 



Food-plants of Gonepteryx lihavnii. — After the statement 

 of such an experienced entomologist as Mr. E. A. Fitch 

 (Entom. viii. 302), that Gonepteryx Rhamni could be reared 

 on "apple, pear, and medlar," I have this year made the 

 experiment; and — whatever they may do in a wild state — in 

 confinement, in this locality, the larva of this insect will not 

 partake of any of these trees. Mr. G. C. Bignell was good 

 enough to send me a larva, and I at once, and " without 

 much trouble," set before it a tempting supply of the three 

 trees mentioned by Mr. Fitch, leaving also a small portion of 

 a somewhat dried-up leaf of buckthorn. By the following 

 morning the scrap of buckthorn was entirely devoured, and 

 not one of the other plants was touched. Having no buck- 

 thorn procurable in the neighbourhood, I sent to Mr. W. 

 Holland, of Reading, for some; and for a day or two poor 

 Gonepteryx Rhamni was left with nothing but the stale stalks 

 of its natural food-plant. Apple, pear, and medlar, were all 

 supplied with total unsuccess ; not a particle was tried or 

 tasted ; and the unfortunate larva was compelled to seek a 



