242 THE ENTOMOLOGIST. 



In 1847 the late Mr. Doubleday published the first edition 

 of his catalogue of British Lepidoptera: there this 

 species is called Tseniocanipa hjpoborea, with ? after 

 Dahnan, and with alpina, Westwood, as a synonym. 



M. Guenee describes and figures it in 1852, in vol. i. (p. 342, 

 pi. iv.) of his 'Species General des Lepidopteres, 

 Noctuelites,' as Pachnobia alpina; Pachnobia being a 

 generic name of his own creation. 



In the last edition of Doubleday's catalogue this species 

 stands as Pachnobia alpina, Weslicood, with Carnica, 

 Heer, as synonym. The name hypoborea does not 

 appear ; why I know not. 



Carnica is the name under which Hering describes this 

 species, in 1869, in the ' Stetliner entomologische 

 Zeitung.' Heer, given as the nomenclator by Guenee, 

 is cleaily a misprint of Hering. 



Glacialis is the name used by Herrich-Scliaffer, in 1849, to 

 describe and figine ihis insect in his ' Syslematische 

 Bearbeitung der Schmetlerlinge von Europa.' He gives 

 four fine figures of this local red variety on plate 82, 

 vol, ii. 



Stainton, in his * Manual of British Butterflies and Moths,' 

 published in 1857, shortly, but clearly, describes it as 

 Pachnobia alpina. 



Dr. Standinger, of Dresden, in his ' Catalog der Lepi- 

 dopteren des Europaeischen Faunengebiets,' 1871, does 

 not refer to Alpina ; but his species. No. 1098, is 

 Agrotis hypoborea, Zett. As synonyms he gives Aqui- 

 lonaris, i^e/f., Alpicola, ^Te//., l\ex\\, Huher Hor. ; with 

 Carnica, Hering, and Glacialis, H.-S., as varieties. 



Newman, in his 'Natural History of British Moths,' 

 describes it under the name of Pachnobia carnica. 



Carnica, Her., and Glacialis, H.-S., appear to refer to the 

 same — the red — variety found in Central Europe. 



The reader will observe that this moth has had the 

 following generic names: — Hadena, Agrotis, Taeniocampa, 

 and Pachnobia. A careful examination of a long series of 

 Scotch and continental examples leads me to conclude that 

 this insect is not closely allied to any member of the three 

 former genera, neither in structure, superficial appearance, 

 nor habits in any stage. Therefore, until otherwise proved. 



