213 
In England, also, Lime is among the more trequent hosts 
of the Mistletoe, and the presence of the parasite on Lime is 
sometimes associated with the occurrence of large swellings on 
some of the branches attacked. The following is a statement 
made by Elwes and Henry* on this subject :—‘ In some parts 
of England especially in Essex and Herts. the Lime is infested 
by Mistletoe, which often kills the branches and causes irregular 
eosin gion which sometimes have an elongated gourd-like 
shape.”’ 
Mistletoe is abundant on Lime-trees in the grounds of 
the Gardeners’ Chronicle in 1907. Mr. W. Dallimore recently 
examined these trees, and observed that, though mistletoe 
appeared to be present on all the swellings, there was usually a 
difference between those of large and those of small size, 
mistletoe being conspicuous on the smaller swellings, but often 
hardly visible on the larger ones, when viewed at a little 
distance. 
A similar difference was shown by four specimens cut from 
these trees and sent to Kew for examination. One of these has 
a large swelling, the swollen portion being about eight inches 
in diameter, while the three other specimens are considerably 
smaller. In the case of the three smaller specimens, there is 
a fairly well developed growth of leafy stems of mistletoe (4 to 
14 inches high), on the enlarged part of the Lime-branch, while 
on the large specimen only diminutive sprouts and the broken 
stumps of some small stems of mistletoe are to be found. An 
example similar to the last is presented by a specimen, in 
Museum IV. at Kew, of a large swelling on a branch of Lime 
from Windsor. In this case also, mistletoe is present, but very 
inconspicuous, close inspection being required to find a certain 
number of small shoots, and bases of others that have been 
broken off. 
In the four specimens from Hampton Court, mistletoe is 
present in the swollen regions, that is to say, besides the aerial 
stems and leaves of the parasite, there are :—(1) a number of 
the so-called cortical roots, running for the most part longitudinally 
in the Lime-branch just outside the cambium of the latter; 
and (2) numerous peg-like outgrowths from the inner face of 
the cortical roots, called “ sinkers,’”’ ‘‘ borers’ or “ haustoria.” 
These project radially for some distance into the wood, an 
thus cause interruptions in the cambial layer of the host-plant. 
In the specimen of a large swelling from Hampton Court 
numerous dead sinkers were found in the wood. To judge from 
* Elwes and Henry, Trees of Great Britain and Ireland, vol. 7, 
p. 1672. 
{~ Gard. Chron., ser. 3, vol. 41, p. 240. 
