55 
down with the grass becomes a perennial bush. There are 
two species of it in the country, one named ‘ Jonje Kaja’ or 
native cotton, seems to have been the plant first known, but 
there is no evidence of it but as cultivated or as having escaped 
from former plantations; the fibre of this adheres strongly to 
the seed and cannot be removed completely ; it resembles wool, 
being coarse and stiff; the staple is short, and the Plant yields 
much less than the other species the ‘ Tonje Manga’ (Gossypium 
hirsutum, Linn.] or Foreign Cotton. The name indicates that 
it is from abroad, probably having come with the Arabs. Some 
of the varieties of this are of excellent quality and would at 
once draw a high price in England. I have seen some of it 
an inch in length; it grows readily and near where we are now, 
it is to be found growing uncared for and of fine quality neverthe- 
less. It is to be found on the Zambesi as far as we have been 
(that is 60 miles beyond Tette). It is grown on the Shire and 
in the lands to the north as far as Lat. 16° S.; beyond this it is 
replaced by the ‘ Zonje Kaja’ which is found in the other basta 
also, We do not meet with it again until we reach Lat. 15° S 
when it becomes more frequent as we approach the sduene: end 
of the Lake Nyassa, which is the line of trade between the coast 
to the north of Mozambique and the interior of Londa 
“‘ Sugar-cane was cultivated in the Delta by the Portuguese in 
former times, and a little is grown by the natives and refugees 
who now inhabit these parts. No doubt the soil is well sui 
for it. At present the rich lands of the Delta are almost” 
ag a having been destroyed by war and the slave trade.” 
“In many parts there is evidence of former settlements, 
the Mango trees and Cocoa-nuts still remaining. The white 
Guava [Psidium Guayava, Linn. var.] has become wild throughout 
the forest beyond the pun ab and the fruit is gathered 
yearly and sent to the Portuguese towns.” 
“From Mazaro to Lupata, where for the first time the Zambesi 
is narrowed by rocks, the hills come down near to the river in 
the upper part beyond Senna, while below this the country is 
like that of the Delta, covered with gigantic grasses which exclude 
other vegetation. From there the forests which cover the 
interior come down near to the banks, This intermediate 
district is very rich and yields a considerable proportion of the 
food used by the settlements in the neighbourhood,” 
- “The estate of Shupanga possesses the great forests from 
which the large canoes are obtained, some of these cut out from 
a single trunk, 36 feet long and 5 feet beam, cost £70 each; 
the forests are at some distance off and I have not been able 
to reach them 
~. “In the same locality the India-rubber plant [Landolphia 
Kirkii] is abundant; it is a climber with rough bark and woody 
stem. The fruit is eatable. The gum [rubber] is collected by 
the people and employed in a few domestic articles such as 
and mixed with oil as a cement; with a little care in 
