241 
longo pubescente suffulta. Inflorescentia generis. Flores adhuc 
ignoti. Calyx fructescens inflatus, ei H. brachiatae, Wall., similis, 
circa 1 em. longus; fructus 4 mm. longus, hirsutus et glandulosus. 
Mé Ping Rapids, Kéng Soi, on rocks, c. 400 m., Kerr 4637. 
XXXVI.—FRUIT CULTURE IN FLORIDA. 
Fruit-growing is a subject of importance in tropical countries, 
not only from the point of supplying markets for local consump- 
tion, but also in the hope of establishing an export trade to markets 
in temperate and more densely populated countries. The 
accompanying résumé of a paper by Dr. J. C. Tu. Upnor, in 
which he gives his experiences of fruit-growing in tropical and 
sub-tropical Florida, should be of interest to those similarly 
engaged in other tropical countries. 
Fruit-growing in Florida has become an important industry 
during recent years, and has been developed through the intro- 
duction of modern systems of orchard management, the use of 
machinery, the latest methods in combating insect pests and 
plant diseases, and in organising a sound system of marketing. 
These results have been largely possible through the enterprise 
of American and European financiers, the work of the United 
States Agricultural Experiment Stations and the Department of 
Agriculture, and the lessons learnt from the study of similar 
industries in the neighbouring State of California. 
Oranges, grape fruit, tangerines and pecans are already on the 
markets as crops of first importance, whilst the cultivation of 
avocados, mangos, and other tropical fruits is being prosecuted 
with energy. It ‘is hoped that the pineapple industry, which 
during the last eight years has steadily declined, will also be 
revived. 
Citrus Fruits. 
Nurseries —Oranges are budded on to sour orange or grape 
fruit stock when it is three to four years old. Satsuma oranges 
are generally budded on to Citrus trifoliata, as this stock can 
stand the cold better in the northern part of Florida. 
Seeds of the stock are sown in nurseries in December and 
January, that of Citrus trifoliata in September and October. 
‘owings are made in rows 2 ft. apart, and the seedlings trans- 
planted when one year old to rows 4 ft. apart, where for one or 
two years they remain to get established. They are then budded, 
wax cloth being used to fasten the bud, and, provided the bark 
easily separates from the stem, the operation may be carried 
out at any time of the year. In the spring seedlings are topped, 
but the shoot from the introduced bud is staked if necessary 
and only pinched back when it is some 30 in. long. 
Planting.—The land is first cleared, broken, and prepared, 
and the young trees planted out in December and digs 
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