107 



ever, was formed as usual from the Phoma spores obtained from the 

 germination of ascigerous spoi'es. 



As to preventive measures, probably spraying with Bordeaux 

 mixture, if apiDlied sufficiently often, would save young shoots and 

 fruit from infection, but the process would have to be repeated every 

 season. The most certain method for preventing infection would he 

 to remove the dead twigs and spurs bearing the fungus. 



DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES. 



1. FJioma stage of fungus on a dead apple twig. Nat. size. 



2. Section of Phoma perithecia on apple slioot, Mag. 



3. Phoma spores. Mag. 



4. Various stages of germination of Phoma spores, and the production of 



the condition known as Uoniothecitim from the mycelium. Mag. 



5. A more advanced condition of the Coniotheckim stage. Mag. 



6. Spores of the Phoma germinating on the surface of a lentieel of an apple 



twig. The mycehuni is seen penetrating the tissue of the cortex. Mag. 



7. Portion of an apple shoot showing the effect produced by the Gomolhecium 



stage of tlie disease. Nat. size. 



8. An apple showing the Coniothecium stage of the disease. Nat. p.-ize. 



S. Section through tfjc cortex of an apple twig, shownng the Coniothecium in 



the tissues. Alag. 



10. Section through the stroma and perithecia of Diajwrthe amhicjua, the 



ascigerous stage of the fungus. Mag, 



11. Asci and spores of Diaporihe ambigiia. Mag. 



12. Free spores of Diaporthe amhigua. Mag. 



XIV.— SOME CHINESE MARINE ALGAE. 



A. D. COTTOIS'. 



Tvvo packets of marine algae from Wei-liai-wci were recently 

 presented to Kew by the Eev. H. Boyden, of Exeter. The 

 material was collected by Mr, Boyden's son, Dr. P. Hamilton 

 Boyden, surgeon in the Eoyal Navy, mainly (hiring 1913, but 

 some specimens bear the date October, 1910. 



In the Journal of Botany for 1904 Mrs. Gepp reported on a 

 collection from the same locality, also made by Dr. Boyden, 

 and this is practically the only recent list — ^at all events in a 

 European language — of marine algae from Chiim. Some 

 older papers, which include several Chinese records, are^ in 

 existence, but, owing to the liberal views then held as to species, 

 and to other reasons, these lists require thorough revision. The 

 present collection differs decidedly from that examined by Mrs 

 Gepp, a fact which shows how the flora varies, and one which 

 sliould be an encouragement to botanists and others who take 

 +lie trouble to investigate the seaweed flora of these little-knnwn 

 sliores. Though most valuable, the collections forwarded by -Dr. 

 I^oyden can only be regarded as samples. The littoral flora 

 floubtless varies, not only through the different months of the 

 year, but also with the diff'erent tvpes of habitat afforded by tlie 

 e^oast-line. Further samples as opportunity offers would therefore 



oe most welcome. ' ,-, j> a 



Much of the mast of northern China is unfavourable for a good 



seaweed flora. Owing to the presence of the great Hoang-lio, or 



