266 



and in F, haleijensis backwards on the branclies. For other 

 particulars see I\ halepensis. It was introduced to the British 

 Isles in 1836, but is of no great importance here either for orna- 

 ment or profit. Elwes and Henry, '* Trees of Great Britain and 

 Ireland," V., p. Ii03, refer to its being planted in Afghanistan 

 and Persia, but it does not appear to have been used to any great 

 extent for forest planting. The timber is said to be of good 

 quality, and to be used for general carpentry work in the eastern 

 Mediterranean region. 



P. canariensis, C\ ^Wf/^.— Canary Pine, Tea Wood. 



This is a large-growing tree, native of the Canary Islands, 

 A\here it still forms forests in La Palma (Sprague and Hutchin- 

 son, K,B,, 1913, p. 294), although many large areas have been 

 denuded of trees. Its leaves are often about 6 inches long, some- 

 times noLUch longer, slender, very glaucous on young pknts, pro- 

 duced in bundles of three leaves each enclosed at the base by a 

 dieath about f inch long. The cones vary in size, often being 

 as much as 9 inches long and 3 inches Avide, bright brown in 

 colour. They remain on the branches for several years without 

 liberating their seeds, and point towards the base of the branch 

 upon which they are borne. The wood is used largely * * *' ' 



t 



poses 



ful enough for its influence to be felt upon the timber market. 

 Heart-wood and sapwood are very distinct, the former being 

 known as tea wood and credited with great durability. A section 

 m Museum No. III. at Kew, contributed by Mr. A. K. Bovill in 

 1901, was taken from the beam of a wine press at Garraehico, 

 Tenerife, which was built more than two centuries ago and had 

 stood out in the open during the whole of that time. The wood is 

 now perfectly sound and very heavy (68 lbs. 3 oz. to the cubic 

 toot). It has a somewhat similar appearance to the heart-wood of 

 /". Lancio, and is peculiar from the fact that the rings of autumn 

 wood are almost as wide as those of the summer wood. P. 

 cananensis is not hardy in the British Isles, but it has been found 

 useful in b. Africa and elsewhere for sylvicultural purposes. 



K **n^®-^^''^' /^mn.— Swiss Pine, Swiss Stone Pine, Alpine Pine, 

 Arolla Pme, Siberian Pine, Siberian Cedar, Pin Alviez, Pin 

 linier. 



This spe.cies inhabits two distinct regions, the Alps of Central 

 Europe and N. E. Russia and Siberia. Loudon established two 

 varieties calling the one from Central Europe helvetica and the 

 other sibinca. The first name fell into disuse long ago, but the 

 other IS still used as the Siberian tree is considered to be taller 

 and of more rapid growth with a denser and more pyramidal 

 outline than the other, but there the distinctive characters cease, 

 hfenticaf ^''''^^^^ purposes the trees from both regions are 



n. Jll-l'''''lf ^■e'^ognised characters of P. Cemhra are its pyramidal 

 mben.n^. ir''''^' ""^T ^°^*^ ^^^^ ^ dense brownish 

 dark .'p'rw- ^r^"''^"' -V^,*.'' •^^^^^ ^'^^^S^' the leaves being 



fith^es lir f-^'x^ ^^^' «^ ^^'' ^^^^^ ^^^f'-^ce, up tS 



4 inches long, arranged m bundles of five, and often retained for 



