274 



boards and other building material, whilst a market is fouud for 

 the tops, all waste wood being of value for fuel. 



The pit prop, turpentine and resin trade accounts for about 

 51 per cent, of the total export trade of Bordeaux. 



P. Pinaster has been planted with success in South Africa, and 

 it is suitable for planting on dunes and other sandy areas in 

 countries where severe frosts are not experienced. It should be 

 planted permanently whilst quite small, 9 inches to l^ feet high, 

 for, as is the case with most other pines, there is often con- 

 siderable loss when larger trees are transjilanted. 



_P. ^Pinea, Zm/i.— Stone, ''Timbers of Commerce," pp. 

 277-278, enumerates the following common names for this- 

 pine:— Stone Pine, Italian Stone Pine, Umbrella Pine, White 

 Pine, Black Pine, Mountain Pine, Double Spruce, Pin Pignon, 

 Pin Bon, Pin de Pierre, Pin France, Pin Pinier, Pinie. It is 

 also known as Pin Cultive. 



The species is widely distributed in the Mediterranean region, 

 especially from Spain to Italy. Under favourable conditions it 

 may grow 100 feet high with a girth of from 15 to 20 feet. In 

 the open it is often found with a short, thick trunk and a wide- 

 spreading, rounded head. Its dark green leaves are in pairs- 

 4-5 inches long enclosed "by a sheath at the base about \ inch 

 m length. The cones are solitary, erect, 4-6 inches 

 long and 3-4 inches wide. They are very hard and woody and 

 take three years to mature. They then remain ott the branches 

 for several years before the scales open. When collected they 

 are opened by the application of heat. The scales of veiy old 

 cones have been known to rot whilst the cones were still on the 

 branches and the seeds have commenced to germinate amongst 

 the decaying scales. The leaves bear a resemblance to those of 

 / . Pina^er, but the cones are quite distinct. In Italy the tree 

 IS grown for the sake of its seeds, which are eaten both raw and 

 roasted. Its timber is used locally for general carpentry work 

 and bears a resemblance to that of P. Pinaster, the qualitv of the 

 two being rather similar. 



In this country it grows from 40-60 feet high and forms a 

 handsome decorative .tree, but it has no value for commercial 

 planting. ^ In South Africa it is planted under silvicultural con- 

 ditions, with, It is reported, fairly satisfactory results. 



■y,^' sylvestris, Lmn.—Scots Pine, Scotch Pine, Scotch Fir. 

 U ikl Piiie, Pm Sylvestre, Sapin rouge du Ford, Bois rouge du 

 v^S ' ?.. , Hagenan, Pin a'Mature, Pin Sauvage, Pin 

 d JLcorse, Pm de Geneve, Pin d'Auvergne, Pin Blanc d'AutricKe, 

 Gememe Kiefer Pohre, Forle, Forche, Kiclme, Weiss-Kiefer, 

 Redwood, Ba tic Redwood, Red Deal, Yellow Deal, Riga Fir, 

 Memel Fir, Archaiigel Fir, Petchora Fir, Danzig Fiv.'stettin 

 F.r, Norway Fir, Polish Fir, Whitewood 



n^ firV'^^''^'^'''f-'''' \^' "^"^^ ^^y ^« ^^^ ^ith under any one 

 of the above-mentioned names, whilst new names are constantly 



npw .yr^' ' ?r^ P^'* ^^ shipment supplying one or more 



well iti^^ /'''f ^ "i\" ^''^^^ *^ ^' "^' '^'^^^ Curiouslv, the 

 ^ood IS rarely referred to as pine wood by wood workers ' 



