294 



3. P. foliata. Discovered by Giildenstedt in Kaclietia in 1772. 



Specimens seen or recorded. Crimea : in tlie subalpiue region 

 (Tcliicliatclieff) " Sobla " Estate, on the Alma River, Marschall; 

 sources of the Salg-ir E-iver, near Yenisala, on Centaur ea Scahiosa, 

 Steven; -o-itbont precise locality, Pallas, Arnoldi. Caucasirs: 

 Gouv. Stawropol, between Moskowskoje and Alexandrowsk, 

 Marschall; near Stawropol, Akiiiflew, Terek Territory, near 

 Pjiitigorsk, llofft; Constantinogorsk, C. A. Meyer; '' Caucasian 

 baths," Conradi, (ace. to C. Koch); Beshtau Mountain, Hofft; 

 on Centaurea dealbata, PeroffsJx-y, Hohenacker; Dag'hestan and 

 Shirwan, without precise localities, between 1400 and 2100 m., 

 Marschall. Gouv. Tiflis : Mzchet, Thomin; '' Kachetia," 

 Giildenstedt; without precise locality, Steven I Wilhelmsl 

 Hohenacker ! Gouv. Jelisawetpol, near Ilelenendorf, Hoheii- 

 acherl Mount Sariab, Hohenacker. Karabagh, without 

 precise locality, Hohenacl-er. Gouv. Eriwan, ''Armenia 

 Rossica," Szowitz in Herb. Besser at Kew. Ararat and Alagos, 

 1300-1525 m. Wagner (ace. to Tchichatchefi'). 



Bornniiiller in Bull. Herb. Boiss. ser. 2. iv. (1904) 687, quotes 

 Uxo more localities for "P. coccinea " — which as understood by 

 him, would coincide with the genus — namely, Babadagh near 

 Tabriz, and Ateschbeg between Maraoa and Takt-i-Soleiman, 



J, ^^.., ..v.^ ^.^^...^ 



both in Azerbeidjan, Persia. Xo specimens of either of the 

 localities have been seen, so that their determination remains for 

 the present uncertain. 



The area of the genus may therefore be described as extending 

 from the south-west of Asia Minor to Azerbeidjan and from the 

 Crimea and the outlying hills on the north side of the Caucasus 

 to Northern Syria. Of the three host plants so far recorded, 

 Centanrea Scobiosa and C. dealbata extend over the w^hole of 

 the Caucasus region, but in the Crimea only C. Scabiosa occurs, 

 whilst neither of them is recorded from the areas of P. Boissieri 

 and P. Tournefortu, unless they overlap slightly in Turkish 

 Armenia. Similarly Pyrcthrum myriophylluui, the only host 

 plant known of P, Boissieri and P. Toumefortii, is almost 

 entirely excluded from the area of Phelii>aea foliata; but on the 

 other hand it does not quite cover the area of Phelipaea Boissieri, 

 as it neither reaches to the Taurus nor the Lebanon system. In 

 Cana Boissier and Pinard are stated (Renter in DC.' Prodr. xi. 

 42) to have found Phelipaea Boissieri growing on a species of 

 Centaurea. Boissier's AnoplnntJms coccineus var. nigrovittatus 

 IS also said to grow on Pyrethrum myriophylluvi' in Trans- 

 caucasia, and both plants have also been collected on Pir Omar 

 Gudrum. 



Duration and cultivation.— E. E. L. Eischer, in " Notice sur 



io^o "P^'^^l^"^* '^^ I'ancien monde " (in Bull. Soc. Nat. Mosc. 

 18o2, pp. 105^108). says that the examination of spirit material 

 collected by Count L. Peroffsky on Beshtau proved the perennial 

 character of the plant, the bosses caused by the action of the 

 parasite on the host showing at the same time flowering? stems, 



^xars of the preceding year's growth and buds, for the next year 

 (see pi. I.). '^ 



