Ake 
Barwood (?terocarpus Soyauxiu, Taub.). 
Native of West Tropical Africa; the wood for dyeing was 
formerly of some importance in England, but it now appears to 
be unsaleable. For particulars of Barwood see K.B., 1906, 
p. 373; 1908, p. 192; and Add. Ser. ix. Part 1. p. 242. 
Sappan Wood (Caesalpinia Sappan, L.). 
A red dye-wood imported into ss country chiefly from sikin 
and the Philippines, but not of so much importance as formerly. 
The Philippine product 18 patie: largely to China. 
In India, where the tree is ee ated, the wood is chiefly used 
locally. The tree is — propagated for distribution by the 
Dept. of Agriculture, 8. Nigeria. See A.B., 1916, p. 211, and 
Add. Ser. ix. Part 1. p. “352. 
Arnatto or Annatto (Biza Orellana, L.). The fleshy covering 
of the seeds 
BritisH.—West Indies, Ceylon, &c. Foreien. —Chietly from 
South America. Prepar red dye and seeds imported. 
The price of the dye on the London market may vary from 1/- 
to 2/- per lb., and the seeds 43d. to 6d. per lb., but the demand 
is more or less stationary, and has always been distinctly limited. 
Native of Tropical America, naturalised in West Africa, and 
distributed by cultivation to most of the tropical Colonies. For 
2 oon ihe see A.B., 1887, July, p. 1; September, p. 1; and 
1890, p. 141 
Woad (Isatis tenctoria, L.). .The plant. 
An ancient He temy 4 until lately carried on near Wisbech, 
Cambridgeshire, and at Boston and Holbeach, Lincolnshire (see 
“Nature,” Nov. 12th, 1896, pp. 36-37, and K.B. 1902, p. ei 
The dye was used in combination with indigo. 
Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius, L.). The flowers. 
Bririsu.—India. Forrrgn.—France, ia &e. 
As a dye for silks and cottons, Safflower, once of considerable 
importance, is, in common with Madder (Rubia tinctorum) a and 
others, now almost forgotten in this country, owing to the 
development of synthetic dyes, he in India it appears to 
have lost nothing of importance for local 
The imports of Safflower into the United Kingdom 50 or 60 
years ago were calculated in tons (405 tons in 1847, 506 tons in 
ita &c.), the price according to quality being from £1 to £8 
r ewt., imported from Bombay and Bengal. The last dase in 
‘alioh returns are shown by the Customs is 1899, when 20 ewt 
value £62, came in from India. The exports of the dye from 
India now go mainly to Hong Kong. 
The plant is cultivated in the Sudan, Wabin: Senaar, India, 
China, Abyssinia, S. Europe, &c. Further details will be found 
in K.B. Add. Ser. ix. Part iii. p. 392. 
