278 
Saffron (Crocus sativus, L.). Stigmas of the flowers. 
Fore1an.—Grown for commercial purposes in France, Spain, 
Italy, &c., henets, used as a dye, but has been superseded by 
cheaper materials, the ae use at the present time being as 
a condiment or flavouring agen 
Quercitron Bark (Quercus discolor, Ait. ) from North 
America; used as a dye and for tanning purpose 
Persian or Yellow Berries (Rhamnus infectoria, L.), grown 
in Asia Minor, Persia, &c. 
Spee (Uncaria Gambier, Roxb.). Extract from the leaves 
and shoot . 
BririsH. So eeits Settlements i Dependencies. Forrtgn.— 
Dutch Possessions in the East Indie 
In 1918 81,352 ewts., value a 168, pot British Posses- 
sions, and ewts., value £26, 858, from Foreign Countries, 
or a total of ‘101, ile woe : ada £142,026, were imported into 
the United Kingdom. In 1915 the total from all sources im- 
ported to this country amounted to 208,748 ewts., value £306,698 
The plant has been recommended by Kew for cultivation in 
various Colonies, West Africa, West Indies, &c., but so far it 
does not appear to have been commercially successful anywhere 
other than in or near the original countries of production. Used 
for dyeing and tanning. Additional information will be found 
in K.B. 1889, p. 247, Add. Ser. ix. Part iii. p. 346. 
Myrobalans (Terminalia Chebula, Retz.). 
Bririsu.—India, Burma. 
In 1913 564,462 cwts., value £176,621, from British Posses- 
* sions, chiefly British India, and 760 ewts., value £234, from 
oreign Countries, or a total of 565,222 cwts., value £176, 855, 
were imported into the United Kingdom. In 1915 the total 
from all sources imported to this country amounted to 778,984 
cwts., value £292,297. 
It is the dried fruits that come into commerce, and, in addition 
to being used as a tanning material, a valuable yellow or brown 
dye is extracted. See also K.B. 1909, p. 209. 
Sumach (hus app.) Leaves and Twigs. 
Britisu.—Cyprus. Fore1gn.—Spain, Italy, Tunis, &c. 
In 1913, 396 ewts., value £130, from Cyprus, and 163,704 cwts., 
value £83,031, were imported into the United Kingdom. In 
1915 the total from all sources imported amounted to 143,333 
ewts., value ; 
Three sorts of Sumach come into commerce (1) “* Venetian 
Sumach,’”’ or ‘‘ Young Fustic,” the young twigs of Rhus Cotinus, 
L., a 8. European ‘eer yields a bright yellow dye, (2) 
‘North American Sumach’’ (Rhus glabra, L.), and (3) the 
Sumach of the a Region, the tanning material con- 
c 
