274 
sisting chiefly of the powdered leaves of Khus Coriaria, L., a 
ardy shrub growing on rocky slopes in Sicily and elsewhere, 
cultivated near Palermo. 
The Sumach plant (/thus Coriaria, L.) has been successfully 
introduced to Australia, where it is said to thrive well in the dry 
plains of the Wimmera District. Samples of Sumach from 
Melbourne plants shown at the Exhibition of 1863 are in the Kew 
Museum. Further particulars are given in K.B. 1895, p. 298. 
Valonia (Quercus Aegilops, L., and vars. macrolepis and 
ert). 
Forreran.—Greece, Smyrna. 
In 1915 142,456 cwt., value £101,922, were imported into the 
United Kingdom. 
The Acorn-cups are used by tanners and dyers. 
Gall-Nuts or Mecca Galls (Quercus Lusitanica, Lam., var. 
infectoria, A. DC.). 
Forrren.—Asia Minor. 
Chinese Galls (Rhus semialata, Murray). 
Forreign.—China and Japan. 
for tanning, and mentioned as being used for dyeing in 
Used 
the Silk Industry at Lyons (see A.B. 1900, p. 5). 
e 
Divi-divi (Caesalpinia coriaria, Willd.). 
BritisH.—West Indies. Forrray.—South America, Vene- 
zuela, &c. : 
Native of Central and South America. Cultivated in India, . 
Java, Australia, Gold Coast, Nigeria, East Africa, &e 
The pods are the part used for tanning, and an extract from 
them is also a useful dye. Additional information will be found 
in K.B. Add. Ser. ix. Part ii. p. 250. 
Oak Bark (Quercus oT 
The principal native tanning substance, and imported from 
the Continent of Europe, Belgium, &e : 
Large quantities (324,070 cords, value 3,533,862 dollars) of Oak- 
bark, and also of the extract (36,930,861 Ibs., value 703,805 
dollars) are used in the United States annually (see Board of 
Trade Journ., June 30th, 1912) for tanning purposes. 
Hemlock Spruce Bark (Tsuga canadensis, Carr., ‘‘ Eastern 
Hemlock ’’ ; Tsuga Mertensiana, Carr., ‘‘ Western Hemlock fe 
Britisu—Canada. Forrigy.—United States. 
yd quantities used in the Unit . 
also K.B. 1912, p. 81. e United States for tanning. See 
