291 
Oak (Quercus spp.). 
Britisu.—British Isles, Canada. Forrran.—Russia, Ger- 
many, Austria-Hungary, Japan (including Formosa), U.S. 
America 
The slept for 1913 amounted to 254,836 loads, valued at 
£1,736,061. More oak might be grown at home. 
ha coats (Acer spp.). 
Brit Canada, and grown in the British Isles. Foreran. 
—N. United States of America and probably various European 
countries. 
The wood is used for floor blocks, furniture, inlaying, panelling, 
cabinet work, rollers for washing machines, kitchen and dairy 
utensils, &c. The best British grown Sycamore realised 2/6 a 
cubic foot before the war, and is pro obably worth more now. 
Information on American Maples i is given in A.B. 1911, p. 303. 
Ash (Frazinus spp.). 
TisH.—British Isles, Canada. Forrtan.—United States of 
Riariva. Hungary, Japan, Manchuria. 
Good ash timber is always in demand and commands a good 
price. It is used for many purposes where strength and stuntteny 
are required. Somé of its uses are spokes and felloes of wheels, 
tool handles, shafts of carts and other vehicles, parts of railway 
carriages and tru cks, agricultural implements, and parts of aero- 
planes. The best English Ash (Frarinus excelsior, L.) is that 
from young, clean, and fairly fast-grown trees. Such wood 
commands from 2/6 to 3/- a cubic foot as it stands. A great deal 
more might be grown in the British Isles than is the case at 
present. Hickory is perhaps the best. eet for ash. For 
particulars regarding American Ash see K.B. 1911, p. 217. 
Birch (Betula spp.). 
Britisu.—British Isles, Canada. Forrran.—F inland, Sweden, 
Prussia, United States of America. 
This wood is used extensively for furniture, box making, 
shuttles, "pbb, plywood, tea chests, and other purposes. The 
wood grown in the British Isles is of inferior quality to that 
imported, but with improved methods of cultivation there is no 
reason why the quality should not be improved, so that it would 
compare favourably with the foreign product. Heavy railway 
freight and the absence of proper marketing facilities appear to 
ave discouraged many owners of woodlands in the proper cultiva- 
tion “of trees for the production of timber. Information upon 
various birches is given in K.B. 1911, p. 221. 
Elm (U/mus spp.). 
Britisu.—British Isles, Canada. Forrrcn.—Holland, Ger- 
Many, United States of America 
Elm wood is used largely for feahe of wheels, chair otic, 
cart building, barrows, boat building, coffins, and other purposes, 
