57 





Umbelliferae. 

 Caruni Carvi, Linn.; Caraway. 



Biennial, upwards of 2 ft. high, of Northern and Central 

 Europe and Western Asia; naturalized in England, where it is 

 cultivated to a limited extent in Essex and Kent; cultivated in 

 Holland, North Russia, &c, whence the market is chiefly sup- 

 plied. The fruits known as "Caraway Seeds' 5 are well known 

 for their use in confectionery and for flavouring liqueurs — 

 "Kuinmel," a Russian preparation, especially. The fruits of 

 "Dill 55 (Peucedanum graveolens, Btli.), an annual of Southern 

 Europe, cultivated in England as a medicinal plant, have recently 

 been submitted to Kew for identification, having been found in 

 confectionery as a substitute in the present shortage of " Cara- 

 wav. H 



May, 1911, "The Caraway Industry in Holland," vp 



graveolens, Linn.), * k Carrot " (Daucus 



134-137, 



" Celery " (Apium 



Carota, Linn.), "Parsnip" (Peucedanum sativum, Bth. & 

 Hook.), "Parsley" (Caruni Petroselinuvx, Bth.), "Fennel" 

 (Foeniculum vulgare, Mill.), are all well-known garden plants 

 in this Order, 

 is cultivated in France for its leaf-stalks, usually candied with 



Angelica" (A rchangelica officinal'*, Hoffm.), 



sugar and eaten as a sweetmeat. 



The 



it 



Hay Plant" (Pranc/os 

 ■pabular in, Lindl.), of Tibet, is used in that country as a fodder 

 plant. The roots of the "Sea Holly" (Eryngium maritimum, 

 Linn.), a sea coast plant of Britain, are sometimes preserved in 

 sugar and eaten as a sweetmeat. " Arracaeha " (Arraracia 

 xanthorrhiza, Bancr.) of the Andes, where it is cultivated for 

 the tuberous roots, used as a vegetable; naturalized in Jamaica 

 and used for a similar purpose. 



1. Aug., 1887, "Arracaeha" (Arraracia esculenta, DC), pp. 



10-15. 



2. Sept., 1897, "Introduction of the Carrot into England," 

 pp. 225-227: Sept.. 1913, "The Cultivation of Carrots,'* up. 503- 

 507 ; Tnlv, 1916, " Carrots and Turnips as Catch Crops." pp. 366- 

 367; Dec, 1913, "The Cultivation of Celery," pi>. 



3a. IS T o. 70. 1917, "The Cultivation of Par>nips." 



793-796 



RlTBIACEAE. 



Coffea arabica, Linn.; Arabian Coffee, Maragogipe Coffee, 

 Mocha Coffee. C. liberica, Bull.; Liberian Coffee. C. robusta, 



Linden; Robusta Coffee. Kio Nunez Coffee, Congo Coffee. C. 

 stenophylla, G. Don. ; Highland Coffee of Sierra Leone. 



Shrubs or small trees cultivated in various parts of the Tropics, 

 the last-mentioned, although widely distributed from Kew to the 

 Colonies, being perhaps the most limited as a trade source. 

 Coffee as a beverage is well known; it was one of the earliest 

 introduced into this country, the first London coffee house being 

 established in St. Michael's Alley about 1652. Tt had been used 



in Constantinople for more than a century before. This would 

 refer to Arabian coffee. The principal sources of the green berry 

 are in general, B mm '~~~' % ' %fc " *■ ■ ^* ,rt<rA/,iX n-i— 



(102811), Gautemaln 



razil (280:107), Costa Rica (215264), Colombia 

 alo (97748), British India (T5531), Nkftngra** 



