8Z 



Eiaeagnaceae.— ** Trebizonde Date" {Elaeagnus orientalis, 



Li, r 



Liim.), of the Orient; fruits eaten. 



Araliaceae. — "Udo" (Aralia cordata, Thunb.), cultivated in 

 Japan, in gardens and fields for the root and young shoots as a 

 vegetable* 



- 



Conifereae. — " Pignon " or " Stone Pine" {Pinus Pinea, 

 Linn.); seeds sold for food in the markets of Lisbon. " Bunya- 

 Bunya" Pine (Araucaria Bidicilli, Hook.), Queensland; seeds 

 an important source of food of the aborigines of Moreton Bay. 



Gingkoaceae. — "Maiden Hair Tree" (Gingko biloba 9 

 Linn,); kernels edible; sold in most market-towns of China 

 (" Trees of Great Britain and Ireland," Elwes & Henry, i. p. 



56). 



Cyperaccae.— ' * TSni Grass," "Tiger Nut," " Chuf a " or 

 Zulu Nut " (Cyperus esculentus, Linn.), a common weed in 

 Southern Europe, Tropical and South Africa, in America and 

 other warm countries; tuberous roots eaten, sometimes seen in 

 shops of this country; bulbs roasted and eaten in Damara- 

 land".(Fl. Trop. Afr. viii. p. 356), and other species. 



Filices. — " Bracken " (Fieri* Aquiiina, Linn.), wild in many 



temperate countries; root-stocks and young fronds ground into 

 meal, suggested for feeding pigs and poultry (see Journ. Bd. 

 Agric. " March, 1917, pp. 1252-1255); a farinaceous food has 



been obtained from the rhizomes for use as food in Britain in 



5 



times of scarcity, and there is, in the Museum at Kew, a sample 

 of meal prepared from the same, used as food in Japan, also 

 rhizomes under the name "aruhe," stated to be formerly roasted 

 and eatei) by the natives of New Zealand. In general, as a 

 famine food or substitute for better things, this plant would 

 .appear to be one of the commonest; Darwin observes (I.e.) that 

 in ]Sew Zealand, before the introduction of the potato, the 

 roots of the fern were largely consumed." 



Further particulars of these plants and others of like value, 

 together with those of first importance, will be found in the 

 following works, the list, it is desirable to add, not being sub- 

 mitted as exhaustive: — 



Kew Bulletin.—" Colonial Fruit," Nov., 1887, pp. 1-20; 1883, 

 pp. 1-23, pp. 177-252. "The Fruits of Mysore," 1889, pp. 21- 

 28. "Cold Storage of Fruit," 1894, pp. 187-189; 1896, pp. 

 33-36. "Cultivation of Vegetables," 1894, vv . 219-223: 1895, 

 pp. 307-315. " Fruit Growing at the Cape," 1897, pp. 191499. 



"Famine Plants in Zululand," 1898, pp. 51-54. "Australian 

 Pasture Herbs," 1909, pp. 1246. "Cold Storage of Fruit and 

 Vegetables," 1914, pp. 11-16. " Notes on Fruit Growing is 

 the East Africa Protectorate," 1914, pp. 268-273. " The 

 Economic Properties of some Hardv Ornamental Fruits," 1914, 

 pp. 339-345. 



" The Useful Plants of Great Britain," C. P. Johnson & J. E. 



tc 





