60 o 



the correspondance with Eobin, leave little doubt that the 



Jbranquevill tubers given to Goodyer in 1(J1T came from Paris. 

 They may have been sent to him as received from France, or they 

 may have already been grown by Franquevill in England, in 

 which case their real first arrival in this country must be at least 

 as early as 1616. 



I This date ol 1G16 or 1617 is quite compatible with an intro- 



I duction into France in 1607, and into Holland in 1613, or shortly 



before; but it is surprisingly late if they had reached Holland 

 in 1602! Goodyer calls the plant Flos sol is Pyramidal is, parvo 

 flare, tuber osa r a dice, H eliotr opium indicum quorundam, and 

 does not allude to the popular name of Jerusalem Artichoke. 



Parkinson in his Paradisus (1629), p. 516, in the chapter on 

 " Pap pas sive Batatas; Potatoes," describes and figures Helian- 

 I thus tuberosus under the name of Battatas de Canada, Potatoes of 



j Canada, or Artichokes of Jerusalem, and declares that i4 thev 



J may most fitly be called Potatoes of Canada, because their rootes 



J are in forme, colour and taste, like unto the Potatos of Virginia, 



but greater and the French brought them first from Canada into 

 . these parts." Now if authority is to be set against authority, 



Parkinson's statement should carry rather more weight than 

 Laurembergr's as it is a few years earlier. He goes on to remark : 

 * the potatoes of Canada are, by reason of their great increasing, 

 grown to be so common with us in London, that even the most 

 I vulgar begin \o despise them, whereas when they were first 



received among us they were dainties for a Queene." Yet 

 I , Parkinson falls into an error in each of his three quotations from 



earlier authors. He states : (1) Bauhinus upon Matthiolus 

 calleth it Solarium tuberosum esculentum; (2) Pelleterius of 

 Middleborougb in his Plantarum Synonimia, Heliotropium 

 Indicum tuberosum; (3) Fabius Columna in the second part of 

 | his Phytobasanos, Flos Soils Fames ianus sive Aster Peruana s 



tuberosus. He must have been relying on his treacherous 

 memory, for (1) C. Bauhin in Mattioli, Comm. in Diosc. p. 757 

 (1598) certainly has a Solanum tuberosum esculcntutn . But it 

 is the Potato, as is clear both from his text and his figure, (2) In 

 Pelletier's Plantarum Synonym ia there is, as already stated, no 

 such name as Heliotropium Indiana tuberosum,* nor is the 

 Jerusalem artichoke there alluded to by any other name. 

 (3) " The second part of Columna 's Phytobasanos " is an error 

 for " The second part of Columna'- Ecphrasis." 



Johnson, loc. cit. copies Parkinson's mistake about Pelletier, 

 hut correctly states that " Bauhinus in his Prodromus sets it 

 forth by the name of Chrysanthemum latifolium Brasilianum, 

 hut in his Pinax he hath it by the name of H elianthemum 

 Indicum tuberosum" and in referring to Fabius Columna he 

 avoids naming any particular book of that author. It would, 

 therefore be unfair to Johnson to say that he merely copies 

 Parkinson. Probably he had no opportunity of seeing a copy 

 cf Pelletier's rare book. Parkinson has no more to say on the 



* 



I have not been able to trace this name to any earlier author than 

 van Ravelin ^rhen (1618) and Colin (1619). Perhaps it was a name driven by 

 Pptrus Hondius, no work of whose has come down to us. 



