253 
a secondary maximum in June and minimum in May. 
It is important to remember that all the figures given above 
refer to observations taken at Salonika, not in the ‘Macedonian 
hinterland. 
AGRICULTURE. 
When peaceful conditions return to Macedonia to allow of its 
‘dressing’ the fields commonly receive is the treading of sheep in 
spring and autumn. The ground is broken to-day, as 1t was 
buffaloes. Sowing is accomplished by making a hole with the big 
toe for each 1 the seed is merely scattered 
tree-trunk, which C 
timber like a sledge, slightly turned up in front and with a man 
or children sitting thereon. The grain 1s winnowed by the 
mixture of straw and grain being thrown u 
with forks of several broad prongs, or with wooden shovels 
cereals chiefly she a ete are wheat (bearded and non- 
varieti ize, barley, and oats. 
Sieheses qultivation Xs an important industry in Macedonia, 
and many fields vf it are grown in most districts. In the villages 
the gathered leaves are strung In rows and hung to ferment 
under the eaves of houses and walls. Cotton has been grown in 
the Struma Plain and elsewhere. Round Langaza a in 
other districts the opium poppy 1s cultivated. For an analytica 
account of the opium grown In Serbian Macedonia a paper by 
