4 RANUNCULACEiE. Clematis. 



1. CLEMATIS, L. (Name in Dioscorides, from KXrjjxa, a twig, early 

 applied to this genus.) — Perennial herbs or more or less woody climbers (climb- 

 ing by incurvation and grasping of leafstalks), of wide distribution, the large- 

 Howered species hermaphrodite. Sepals in native plants almost always 4. Styles 

 elongated, either feathery or naked in fruit. The cultivated species largely hy- 

 bridized. — Gen. no. 4G0; DC. Syst. i. 131. Clematis & Atragene, L. Gen. ed.5. 



§ 1. FlXmmula, DC, partly. Flowers comparatively small and commonly 



cymose-paniculate, white or whitish: sepals petaloid and thin, widely spreading: 



no petals : persistent styles in fruit forming long plumose tails : anthers blunt, 



mostly short. 



^ Virgin's Bower. Half-woody climbers; the flowering shoots from naked buds, dioe- 

 cious; sterile tiowers more showy, having bright white stamens; fertile with a series of 

 sterile subulate or filiform filaments bearing rudimentary or non-polliuiferous anthers. — 

 All the American gpecies and more are referred to C. dioica, L., by Kuntze, Verb. Bot. 

 Brandenburg, 1885, 102. 



-I— Panicles floribund, and peduncles short : leaves once or twice ternate or quinate : leaflets 

 ovate or subcordate, acute or acuminate, mostly incisely few-lobed or toothed : sepals 

 about a third inch and mature fruit-tails an inch and a half long. 



C. Virginiana, L. (Virgin's Bower.) Almost glalirous: leaves simply 3-foliolate (very 

 rarely pinnately Sfoliolate) ; leaflets thin, ovate and .subcordate (2 or 3 inches long), incisely 

 few-toothed or somewhat lobed. — Amcen. Acad. iv. 275, & Spec. ed. 2, ii. 766 ; P. W. Wats. 

 Dendr. t. 74; Sprague & Goodale, Wild Flowers, 61, t. 12. C. Virginica, Pursh, Fl. ii. 384. 

 C. rnrdifoUn, Mcench, Meth. Suppl. 104. C. cordata, Pur.sh, 1. c, unusual state with some 

 .5-f()li(>late leaves. — Low grounds, Nova Scotia to Upper Georgia, west to Minnesota and 

 Winnipeg ; fl. summer. 



C. Catesbyana, Pursh. Pubescent or glabrate: leaves twice ternately divided, and leaflets 

 (inch or two long) commonly 3-lobed, otherwise entire or very few-toothed, occasionally a 

 leaf only quinate by the confluence of lateral leaflets ; only uppermost simply 3-foliolate. — Fl. 

 ii. 736 ; DC. Syst. i. 142. C. Jwlosericea, Pursh, Fl. ii. 384, founded on an upper leaf of three 

 leaflets and a head of fruit taken from herb. Walter, most probably of this species. — Dry 

 ground along and near the coast, S. Carolina to Florida and Mississippi ; ^ fl. late summer, in 

 cult, northward not before October. 

 C. Plukenetii, DC. Syst. i. 153, which has been referred here, founded on a specimen from 



Catesby, is obscure, and probably not of United States. 



C* ligUSticifolia, Nutt. Pubescent or nearly glabrous : leaves pinnately 5-7-foliolate, or 

 sometimes lowest pair of leaflets again trisected : leaflets of firmer texture than in the pre- 

 ceding, from cordate-ovate to oblong-lanceolate, from 3-lobed and incised to few-toothed or 

 nearly entire, also very variaiile in size: carpels numerous, densely silky-pubescent with 

 long straight hairs : fruiting heads an inch and a half or two inches in diameter including 

 the tails. — Nutt. in Torr. & Gray, Fl. i. 9 ; Brew. & Wats. Bot. Calif, i. 3.— Saskatchewan 

 to New Mexico,'- to Brit. Columbia and S. California. Kuns into many forms: vars. brevi- 

 folia, Nutt., bracteatn, Torr., Californica, Wats., &c., which are not distinctly definable.^ 



C* Suksdorfii, RoniNSON, n. sp. Habit and foliage of the preceding : leaves quinate, 

 glabrous; leaflets an inch to an inch and a half long: sepals widely spreading or reflexed in 

 anthesis, velvety puhe.scent upon the outer surface: heads of fruit mucb smaller and fewer- 



1 Doubtful .specimens from S. Missouri, Bush, make the distinctions between this and the jjreced- 

 ing obscure. 



2 Eastward to Greene Co., Missouri, Bush. 



8 A form with perfect flowers is reported by M. E. Jones, Bull. Torr. Club, ix. 125, and another 

 ■with exceptionally copious production of axillary shoots in the inflorescence has been characterized as 

 var. perulata, by Freyn, Deutsche Bot. Monatsschr. viii. 75. Dr. Gray's description of C Ugustici- 

 folia has been slightly amplified to exclude more clearly the next species. 



