Ranunculus. RANUNCULACE^. 37 



xii. 4; not DC, nor Hook., nor Gray. 7?. MarilancUcus, Poir. Diet. vi. 126, Jide Gray, ms. 

 1887. R. repens, var. Marilandicus, Torr. & Gray, FI. i. 21 ; Torr. Fl. N. Y. i. 15. R.fascicu- 

 laris, Britton, PI. N. J. 4,^V/e Britton, Trans. N. Y. Acad. Sci. xii. 3. — Common in woods, 

 throughout the Middle States and extending from Canada to Georgia, Arkansas, and 

 probably Texas ; fl. early spring, April, May ; in the South, February. 



R.* septentrionalis, Pom. Similar to the preceding, but stouter, taller, more erect, often 

 stoloniferous, from very coarsely and copiously hirsute to almost or quite glabrous : leaves 

 nearly all pedately and pinnately 3-foliolate : leaflets 3-parted and sharply incised : flowers 

 large, often more than an inch broad : fruiting heads ovoid ; carpels strongly compressed, 

 ovate, short-oblong, or obovate, rather gradually contracted into a long flat beak. — Diet. vi. 

 125. R. tomentosus, Poir. 1. c. 127. ? R. lucidus, Poir. 1. c. 113. R. repens of Amer. authors 

 in great part. R. fascicukiris, Schlecht. Animad. Ranuuc. ii. 30, t. 2, not Muhl. R. Schlechten- 

 dalii, Hook. Fl. Bor.-Am. i. 21, as to type, but see also synonyms of R. occidentulis. R. Bel- 

 visii, DC. Syst. i. 291. ? R. Fhilonotis, Pursh, Fl. ii. 393. — New Brunswick, Fowler, to New 

 Jersey, Kentucky, and northward to Winnipeg, Bourgeau ; common in moist places ; 

 fl. May, June. 



R.* palmatus, Ell. A similar but smaller plant, weak, decumbent, sending out runners: 

 leaves small, thin, an inch broad, the lowest subentire or usually more or less deeply 3-parted 

 or divided ; segments or leaflets ovate, obtusely few-toothed : flowers but half inch in diam- 

 eter : achenes broadly and sharply margined, few in number, tipped with a strong flat 

 straightish beak. — Sk. ii. 61 ; Torr. & Gray, Fl. i. 658; Chapm. Fl. 8; Wats. Bibl. Index, 

 21 ; Britton, 1. c. 6. R. septentrionalis, Gray, Proc. Am. Acad. xxi. 376, in part, not Poir. — 

 Swampy grounds in pine barrens. South Carolina to Tennessee and Florida; fl. April, 

 May. 



R. fascicularis, Muhl. A span or two high, tufted, soon spreading, but no sarmentose 

 stems : fascicled roots tuberous-thickened or fusiform : pubescence almost all closely ap- 

 pressed : earliest radical leaves ovate or oblong and almost entire or rounded and 3-lobed or 

 parted ; later and principal ones of oblong outline, and disposed to be pinnately quinate, 

 some with divisions or leaflets again 3-7-parted ; lobes from linear-spatulate to oblong, 

 obtuse : petals obovate-oblong, from quarter to half inch long : akenes lenticular, less mar- 

 gined than in the foregoing and with more slender style and beak. — Cat. 54; Bigel. Fl. 

 Bost. 137 (1814); Hook. Fl. Bor.-Am. i. 20, t. 8, f. 1 ; Gray, Gen. 111. i. 30, t. 9,i not of 

 Schlecht. and some Amer. authors. — Moist or dry hills, Canada and E. New England and 

 Texas, northwest to L. Winnipeg ; fl. early. 



O O Petals 7 to 1 6 ; no creeping nor procumbent basal stems : plants of Mexican type. 



R. macranthus, Scheele. Hirsute: stems erect and a foot or two high, or 2 to 3 feet 

 long and declining, commonly roljust : leaves nearly as of R. septentrionalis, but many qui- 

 nate : petals from a third to nearly full inch long, from obovate to oblong : akenes mostly 

 numerous in a large head, ovate or orbicular, conspicuously thin-margined, at length with a 

 rather short broadly flat-subulate beak, the slender upper portion of the long straight style 

 falling away. — Linnaja, xxi. 585 ; Torr. Bot. Mex. Bound. 29 ; Rothrock in Wheeler, Rep. 

 vi. 58; Gray, Proc. Am. Acad. xxi. 377. R. repens, var. macranthus. Gray, PI. Lindh. ii. 

 141, & PI. Wright, ii. 8. — Moist ground, S. & W. Texas, first coll. by Lindheimer, to S. W. 

 Arizona, Rothrock, Princ/le, Lemmon. 



R. orthorh^nchus, Hook. From sparsely hirsute (with spreading hairs) to nearly gla- 

 brous : stems erect, a foot or so high from a fascicled root of thick filtres : leaves mostly of 

 oblong general outline and pinnate division into 5 to 7 leaflets or segments (lower commonly 

 short-petiolulate, upper confluent), tliese again usually cleft or incised : petals a third to half 

 inch long, ol)Ovate (sometimes purple underneath), much surpassing the reflexed soon 

 deciduous calyx : akenes usually not numerous in the head, ovate, nearly two lines long, 

 strongly margined, bearing a slender subulate rigid and straight beak of nearly equal 

 length which consists of the wholly persistent style. — Gray, Proc. Am. Acad. x.xi. 377. 

 Varies extemely in foliage : the typical form, stenophyllus, with all the leaves somewhat 

 bipinnately dissected into segments of a line or less in width (as in the figure), or some 

 radical ones simply divided into broad cuneate or obovate 2-3-lobed or toothed segments or 



1 Add Median's Monthly, ii. 1, t. 1. 



