40 RANUNCULACEiE. ' CaWia. 



* * Scapose or barely one-leaved, 1-2-flowered, erect : sepals white, sometimes bluish : 

 follicles more or less stipitate, pointed witli short style. 



C. biflora, DC. Scape slender: leaves round- reniforra, crenate or repand : sepals 6 to 9, 

 oval, becoming obloug : follicles at maturity distinctly stipitate. — Syst. i. 310; Hook. Fl. 

 Bor.-Am. i. 22 ; Torr. & Gray, Fl. i. 27 ; Wats. Bot. Calif, ii. 427. C. leptosepala, Gray, 

 Proe. Am. Acad. viii. 373 ; Brew. & Wats. Bot. Calif, i. 9, mainly. — Damp ground, Alaska 

 to mountains of California, fir.st coll. by Menzles. 



C. leptosepala, DC. 1. c. Stouter : leaves from round-oval or round-obovate to ovate with 

 small and narrow (cordiform or sagittiform) sinus, crenate or repand, the nerves at base 

 nearly parallel : sepals 7 to 10, oblong, becoming narrower: follicles obscurely stipitate. — 

 Hook. Fl. Bor.-Am. i. 22, 1. 10 ; Torr. & Gray, 1. c. 27 ; Garden, xxx. 340, t. 565.1 c. sagittata, 

 Torr. Ann. Lye. N. Y. ii. 164, not Cav. — Alaska and Washington, and higher Rocky 

 Mountains from Brit. Columbia to N. Nevada, Utah, and S. Colorado ; first coll. by Menzies. 



11. TROLLIUS, L. Globe-flower, (Name, a Latinization by Gesner 



of Troll, from the German vernacular name Trollblume, of which the origin is 



doubtfuh) — Perennial herbs, of the northern temperate zone, glabrous; with 



palmately cleft and incised or dissected leaves, and large usually solitary flowers 



terminating simple stems ; fl. in spring and early summer. — Gen. ed. 5, no. 620 ; 



Gray, Gen. 111. i. 33, t. 11. 



T. EuROP.^us, L., the true Globe-flower, which answers to the name in the globular form 

 of the golden yellow calyx, is cultivated in gardens. 



T. laxus, Salisb. At length a foot or two high : leaves 5-7 -parted : sepals 5 or 6, spread- 

 ing, ochroleucous or dull white: petals 15 to 25, inconspicuous, being shorter than the 

 stamens. — Trans. Linn. Soc. viii. 303; Pursh, Fl. ii. 391 ; Torr. Fl. N. Y. i. 18, t. 3; Gray, 

 1. c. & Am. Jour. Sci. ser. 2, xxxiii. 241 (var. albijiorus) ; Lawson, 1. c. 70. T. Americanus, 

 Muhl. Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. 1791, 172, & Cat. 54; Sims, Bot. Mag. t. 1988; DC. Syst. 

 i. 313, a much earlier published name, but witliout cliaracter. Gaissenia verna, Raf. Med. 

 Rep. hex. 2, v. 351, & in Desv. Jour. Bot. ii. 168 (1809). — Bogs, New Plampshire to Michigan 

 and south to Delaware, also Rocky Mountains from Brit. America to Colorado and Utah, 

 and to the Cascades in Brit. Columbia. 



12. ISOPYRUM, L. ('IcroVupov, ancient name of a Fumaria, transferred 

 to the present genus.) — Low perennials (or a foreign one annual), of the 

 northern temperate zone, glabrous, mostly white-flowered, with ternately com- 

 pound leaves ; the primary divisions long-petiolulate in the way of ThaUctrum : 

 ours (§ Enemion) apetalous and with white filaments clavellate ; fl. spring and 

 early summer. — Gen. ed. 2, no. 533 ; DC. Syst. i. 323; Benth. & Hook. Gen. 

 i. 8 ; Maxim. Diag. PL Asiat. v. 623. Enemion, Raf. Jour. Phys. xci. 70, 

 apetalous species. 



* Flowers scattered, solitary and terminal or opposite tlie leaves : stems slender, a span to 

 a foot high ; mostly with filiform rootstocks. 



I. biternatura, Torr. & Gray. Root of copious slender fibres, some here and there 

 moniliform-thickened : leaflets cuneate-obovate or roundish, commonly 3-lobed : carpels 

 3 to 6, commonly 4, sessile, about 3-ovuled and 2-3-seeded, ovate, divaricate at maturity, 

 sul)ulate-pointed witii long persistent style; seeds smooth, with prominent rhaphe. — Fl. i. 

 660; Gray, Gen. 111. i. 36, t. 12. /. thalidroides (which it mucli resembles). Short, Cat. PL 

 Kentucky, 8; Hook. Jour. Bot. i. 187. Enemion hifernatuin, Raf. 1. c. ; Torr. & Gray, 1. c. 

 29. — Shady and moist grounds, Ohio^ to Wisconsin and south to Texas. 



I. OCCidentale, Hook. & Arn. Root of thickened fascicled fibres: leaflets cuneate, 2-3- 

 lolied : follicles 5 to 7, elongated-oblong, sessile, barely spreading, mucronate with short 



1 Vars. rotundi/hlia & Howelln, Huth, 1. c. 68, appear to have only formal value. 



2 Collected at London, Ontario, Dearness, ace. to J. M. Macoun, Bot. Gaz. xvi. 285. 



