Magnolia. MAGNOLIACE^. 59 



very glabrous: leaves entire, short-petioled, coriaceous and persistent: flowers 

 single in the axils of the leaves or bud-scales, pedunculate, nodding : fruits yield- 

 ing an anisate volatile oil. Both in Japan and in America (under the name of 

 Poison Bay) said to be poisonous to the touch. — Syst. Nat. ed. 10, ii. 1050, 

 & Gen. ed. 6, no. 611 ; Gray, Gen. 111. i. 55, t. 21.^ 



I. Floridanum, Ellis. Shrub 6 to 10 feet high: leaves oblong-lanceolate, 4 to 7 inches 

 long : petals 20 to 30, mostly linear, dark crimson, half to three fourths inch long, widely- 

 spreading: stamens numerous. — Phil. Trans. Ix. 524, t. 12; L. Mant. ii. 395; Lam. 111. 

 t. 493, f. 1 ; Curtis, Bot. Mag. t. 439 ; Michx. Fl. i. 326; Nouv. Duham. iii. 190, t. 47 ; Gray, 

 1. c.^ — Sandy low ground, near the coast, Florida to Louisiana ; fl. May. 



I. parviflorum. Vent. Leaves elliptical or oblong-lanceolate, obtuse or acute, 3 or 4 inches 

 long : petals 6 to 1 1 , oval, concave, ascending, yellowish, only quarter inch long : stamens 

 commonly only as many as petals. — Descr. PI. Nouv. Jard. Cels, t. 22; Michx. Fl. i. 326; 

 Baill. Hist. PI. i. 151, f. 191-194. Cymbostemon parviflorus, Spach, Hist. Veg. vii. 446. — 

 E. Florida, and S. E. Georgia f (Cuba, Wright.) 



3. MAGNOLIA, (Plum.) L. (Pierre Magnol of Montpellier, died 1745. 

 The original Magnolia of Plumier is Talauma of W. Indies.) — Trees, or some 

 shrubs, of Atlantic U. S., Mexico, E. Asia, and Himalayan Mountains, with 

 mostly large showy flowers, in spring and early summer ; the cone-like fruits 

 rose-colored at maturity, and seed-coat scarlet. Leaves upright in the bud. A 

 spathaceous stipular bract at first enclosing the flower-bud. — Syst. Nat. ed. 1, & 

 Gen. no. 456 ; Juss. Gen. 281 ; Gray, Gen. 111. i. 59, t. 23, 24.^ 



M. obovAta, Thunb. {M. purpurea, Curtis), and M. conspicua, Salisb., Chino-Japanese 

 species, hardy or nearly so in the Atlantic States, are planted for ornament. The peculiar 

 small-flowered M. fuscAta, of China, is cultivated at the South. 



§ 1. Leaves coriaceous and at the South persistent, not very large, never cor- 

 date : flower-buds silky : flowers very sweet-scented, white, turning fuscous in 

 age : petals roundish to obovate. Species at the South called Bay and Laurel. 



M. grandiflora, L. Large tree when well developed : leaves thick and firm, bright green 

 and lucid above, ferrugineous-pubescent beneath or in age glabrate but dull, oblong to obo- 

 vate, 5 to 10 inches long: stipules adnate only to the base of short petiole: petals 3 or 4 

 inches long, thick, barely spreading in anthesis : carpels pubescent, numerous ; the cone of 

 fruit 4 inches long. —Syst. Nat. ed. 10, ii. 1082, & Spec. ed. 2, i. 755 (Catesb. Car. ii. t. 61 ; 

 Trew, Ehret. t. 33) ; Andr. Bot. Rep. t 518 ; Sims, Bot. Mag. t. 1952 ; Michx. f. Hi.st. Arb. 

 Am. iii. 71, t. 1; Torr. & Gray, Fl. i. 42; Sargent, U. S. 10th Census, ix. 19.* M. Vlr- 

 fjiniana, Yur. fcetida, L. Spec. i. 536, in part.^ — Woods in fertile soil, coast of N. Carolina 

 to Texas, never far in the interior ; fl. April to Jime. 



M. glauca, L. (Sweet Bay, White Bay, White Laurel, &c. of the South, Beaver- 

 tree.) Small tree, northwardly a tall shrub with leaves deciduous : petioles slender : leaves 

 from oval to broadly lanceolate, 3 to 6 inches long, glaucous and at first silky-pubescent 

 beneath : corolla almost globular in anthesis, open only when past prime ; the petals inch or 

 two long, carpels glabrous, rather few: fruit-cone inch or so long. — Syst. Nat. ed. 10, 



1 A synopsis of the species of this genus is given by Ma.^imowicz in his Diag. Plant. Nov. Asiat. 

 vii. 716, Melang. Biol. Acad. Imp. St. Petersb, xii. 716. 



2 Garden, xxxvi. 150, t. 714. 



8 Add Sargent, Silv. i. 1, t. 1-12. 



4 Add Gray, PI. For, Trees N. A. t. 1. 



5 Add syn. M. fcetida, Sargent, Gard. & For. ii. 615, & Silv. i. 3, t. 1, 2. Prof. Sargent extends 

 the range to S. Arkansas. 



