60 MAGNOLIACEiE. Magnolia. 



ii. 1082, & Spec. ed. 2, i. 755 (Dill. Elth. t. 168; Catesb. Car. i. t. 39; Trew, Ehret. t. 9); 

 Schk. Handb. t. 148; Nouv. Duham. ii. t. 66; Michx. f 1. c. 77, t. 2; Barton, Veg. Mat. 

 Med. t. 7; Bigel. Med. Bot. ii. 67, t. 27; Gray, Gen. 111. i. 61, t. 23; Sargent, 1. c. 19.1 

 M. glauca, var. major, Sims, Bot. Mag. t. 2164.^ M. Virginiana, var. glauca, L. Spec. i. 535. 

 M. fmgrans, Salisb. Prodr. 379. M. longifolia, Sweet, Hort. Brit. 1 ; Don, Syst. i. 83, 

 narrow-leaved form. — Swamps, Cape Ann (at Magnolia), Mass. ,3 and New Jersey to Texas, 

 through the low and middle country and up the Mississippi to lat. 35° ; fl. early summer, 

 sometimes till autumn.* 



§ 2. Leaves membranaceous and deciduous, very large, subcordate at base ; 



those of flowering branches somewhat umbrella-clustered : stipules and young 



flower-buds tomentose : flowers very large, white, fragrant. 



M. macrophylla, Michx. Small tree or large shrub, with stout branches : leaves oblong- 

 obovate, with auriculate-subcordate base, a foot to a yard long, canescent and tomentulose 

 beneath as also young shoots : corolla open-campanulate : petals oblong with narrowed base, 



5 to 7 inches long: carpels and ovate fruit-cone canescently pubescent. — Fl. i. 327 ; Michx. 

 f. Hist. Arb. Am. iii. 99, t. 7; Bonpl. Malm. 84, t. 33; Sims, Bot. Mag. t. 2189; Terr. & 

 Gray, Fl. i. 43; Sargent, U. S. lOtli Census, ix. 21.* — Open woods in fertile soil, middle 

 country of N. Carolina, S. E. Kentucky, and Arkansas to Louisiana and upper part of 

 Florida ; fl. May and June. 



§ 3. Leaves membranaceous and deciduous, ample, green both sides ; those of 

 flowering or other determinate branches approximate and umbrella-like in dis- 

 position : flowers large and white : petals obovate-oblong or spatulate, erect, 

 spreading after anthesis : carpels, ample stipules and buds glabrous. — Um- 

 brella-trees. 



M. Praseri, Walt. Small or slender tree : leaves glabrous even in the bud, slender-petioled, 

 spatulate-obovate with 2-auriculate base, 8 to 20 inches long : flowers rather sweet-scented : 

 petals much narrowed at base, 4 or 5 inches long : fruit-cone oblong, rose-colored. — Car. 

 159, with plate; Torr. & Gray, Fl. i. 43.^ M. auriculata. Lam. Diet. iii. 673 ; Michx. Fl. i. 

 328 ; Andr. Bot. Eep. t. 573 ; Sims, Bot. Mag. t. 1206 ; Michx. f. 1. c. 94, t. 6 ; Ell. Sk. ii. 39.'' 

 M. sp. Bartr. Trav. 340. M. pyramidata, Edw. Bot. Reg. t. 407 ; Lodd. Bot. Cab. t. 1092. 

 M. auricularis, Salisb. Parad. Lond. t. 43, too narrow petals. — Woods in rich soil, mountains 

 of Virginia to upper parts of Mississippi, Alabama, and Florida, not common in the middle 

 or low country ; fl. May. In the mountains called Wahoo, Indian Physic, and Cucumber-tree. 



M. Umbrella, Desr. (Umbrella-tree.) A small and branching tree: leaves short- 

 petioled, soft-pubescent underneath when young, soon glabrate, obovate-lanceolate with both 

 ends acute, a foot or two long : flowers slightly and not pleasantly scented : petals 4 or 5 

 inches long, le.ss tapering at base : fruit oval-oblong, 4 or 5 inches in length, light rose- 

 colored when ripe. — Desr. in Lam. Diet. iii. 673 ; DC. Syst. i. 452 ; Torr. & Gray, Fl. i. 43 ; 

 Gray, Gen. 111. i. 62, t. 24 (fruit), & Journ. Linn. Soc. ii. 106, f. 1-18 (ovules, &c.).8 

 M. Virginiana, var. tripetala, L. Spec. i. 536. M. tripetala, L. Syst. Nat. ed. 10, ii. 1082, 



1 Add Lloyd Bros. Am. Drugs & Med. ii. 25, t. 28; Sargent, Silv, i. 5, t. 3; Gray, PI. For. Trees 

 N. A. t. 2. 



2 Prof. Sargent (Gard. & For. i. 268, t. 43) considers the tree illustrated in the Bot. Mag. a 

 hybrid between M. glnucn and M. Umbrella. 



3 Rhode Island (without exact locality), G. H. Smith, in Thurber Herbarium; Suffolk Co., L. I., 

 ace. to Eudkin, Bull. Torr. Club, x. 95; S. Pennsylvania, A. A. Heller & Miss Halbnch. 



4 Nuttall's var. ptjmilum of this species (Am. Journ. Sci. v. 295) appears to be merely a dwarfed 

 .shruliby state with smaller leaves and flower.s, doubtless due to unfavorable environment; Florida, and 

 near Merchantville, N. J., Martindale. 



° Add Lloyd Bros. Am. Drugs & Med. ii. t. 30 (stated to be natural size, but certainly imder the 

 usual dimensions); Sargent, Silv. i. 11, t. 7, 8. 



6 Add Sargent, Silv. i. 15, t. 11, 12; Burbridge, Garden, xliv. 488, with plate. 



7 Add Gray, PI. For. Trees N. A. t. 4. 



8 Add Gray, PI. For. Trees N. A. t. 3. 



