68 BERBERIDACEiE. Berberis. 



ours deciduous, seemingly simple, but really unifoliolate and nearly sessile, the 

 petiole being extremely short and articulated with tapering base or petiole of the 

 leaflet : racemes drooping : lilaments toothless : beri'ies red and acid, edible. 



B. VULGARIS, L. (European Barberry.) Shrub 3 to 9 feet high, with recurving branches : 

 leaves obovate-obloug, closely and strongly ciliate throughout with setiforni-sjjinulose teeth : 

 racemes elongated, many-flowered : berries oval or oblong. — Spec. i. .330. B. Canadensis, 

 Raf. Med. Fl. i. 82, t. 15, Loud. Arboret. i. 303, f. 48, and in some earlier books. B. vulgaris, 

 var. Canadensis, Torr. Fl. N. & Midd. States, 336. B. macracanlha, laxiflora, & mitis, Schlecht. 

 Linnjea, xii. 366-371. — Thickets and waste land, abundantly naturalized near the coast of 

 New England, New Brunswick, &c. ;• sparingly escaped from gardens elsewhere. (Nat. 

 from Eu.) 



B. Canadensis, Pursh. Low: leaves pale or glaucescent, spatulate-oblong, sparsely 

 repand-denticulate and short-spinulose or some nearly entire : racemes short and few- 

 flowered, and almost corymbiform : flowers smaller than in the foregoing : petals retuse or 

 emarginate : berries short-oval to globular. — Fl. i. 219 ; Torr. & Gray, Fl. i. 50 ; Gray, Gen. 

 111. i. 80, t. 31, & Man. ed. 5, 53.1 i. B. vuh/aris, Walt. Car. 120 ; Michx. Fl. i. 205. B. vul- 

 garis, var. Canadensis, Ait. Kew. i. 479. B. emarginata, Willd. Enum. 395, which seems not 

 to be Siberian'; B. cremdata (excl. syn. Bigel.) & B. emarginata 1 Schlecht. 1. c. 362, 

 372. — Common in the AUeghanies, along streams, Virginia to border of Georgia.^ (Not 

 Canadian !) 



B. Fendleri, Gray. Low : vernicose purplish brauchlets and leaves lucid : otherwise like 

 preceding, but flowers larger aud petals entire. — H. Fendl. 5 ; Rothrock in Wheeler, Rep. 

 vi. 60. — New Mexico, near Santa Fe and eastward, Fendler, Bigelow, Rothrock; also on the 

 Rio Grande in S. Colorado, Brandegee. 



§ 2. Mahonia, Torr. & Gray. Leaves evergreen, all evolute (none reduced 

 to spines) and 3-several-foliolate, the petiole or rhachis articulated at the inser- 

 tion of the leaflets. — Mahonia, Nutt. Gen. i. 211. Odostemon, Raf. " Florula 

 Missurica," Am. Month. Mag. 1818, 265, & Med. Fl. ii. 247. 



* Leaves palmately 3-foliolate and no articulation of petiole below : bud-scales short and 

 small, somewhat persistent on the axillary spurs, which bear fascicles rather than racemes: 

 filaments toothless : berries red, acidulous, edible. — § Trilicina, Gray, Gen. 111. i. 80. 



B. trifoliolata, Moricand. (Algeritas or Currants of Texans.) Shrub 2 to 8 feet 

 high, rigid : leaflets rigid and coriaceous, sessile on the apex of the petiole, oblong or 

 lanceolate, 3-7-lobed or toothed, the teeth aud tip spinescent : flowers saffron-scented : 

 berries globose, the size of peas. — PI. Nouv. Am. 113, t. 69 ; Gray, PI. Lindh. ii. 142; Lindh 

 & Paxt. Fl. Gard. ii. 68, f. 168. I'erhaps B. trifoliata, Hartw. ex Lindl. Bot. Reg. xxvii. 

 Misc. 149, & xxxi. t. 10 ; Fl. Serres, i. t. 56. B. ilici folia & B. Ra:meriana, Scheele, Liuntea, 

 xxi. 591, & xxii. 352. — Common in Texas, from the coast to the upper country, first coll. 

 by Berlandier ; fl. February, March. (Adj. Mex.) There is a palmately trifoliolate species 

 much like this, but with generally broader leaflets, and with bidentate filaments and blue 

 berries. It is no. 14 of coll. I'almer, .south of Saltillo, referred by Watson to B. Shiedeana, 

 Schlecht. (Mahonia trifolia, Cham. & Schlecht.) : to this B. trifoliata, Hartw., raised from 

 seeds gathered between Zacatecas and San Luis Potosi, and figured as above, may belong ; 

 but char, of filaments and fruit not determined. 



* * Leaves pinnately 3-17-foliolate, when reduced to 3 leaflets, always having an articula- 

 tion where a missing pair of leaflets would be : bud-scales ovate or roundish, deciduous : 

 flowers in erect and commonly fascicled racemes : filaments with a pair of divergent or 

 recurved teeth near the apex : berries blue or rather black with a glaucous bloom 



-1— Fruit becoming dry at maturity and inflated, globose : inflorescence loose. 



1 Not of Mill. Diet. ed. 8, no. 2, fide Hook. f. & Jackson, Ind. Kew. i. 292. 



2 Also Shannon Co., Missouri, Bush ; not common. 



