72 BERBERIDACE.E. Diphylleia. 



leaflets: flower white: fruit obovate or rather uru-shaped, thick-walled and at maturity 

 coriaceous, transversely dehiscent about two thirds way round above the middle, the persist- 

 ent top forming a lid. — J. diphijlla, Pers. Syn. i. 418; Sims, But. Mag. t. 1513; Lodd. Bot. 

 Cab. t. 1036 ; Gray, 1. c. 86, t. 34. ./. Barionis, Michx. Fl. i. 237 ; Raf. Med. Fl. ii. 11, f. 55, 

 with J. odorata & J. lobata, the latter (also Nutt. Jour. Acad. Philad. vii. 99) with outer 

 margin of leaflets sinuate-lobed. PodophijUum diphijllum, L. Spec. i. 505. — Rich and moist 

 soil in woods, N. New York to Illinois i and adjacent Canada, south to Virginia and Ten- 

 nessee, mainly along the mountains; fl. early spring, Also called Rheumatism-root. 



6. DIPHYLLEIA, Michx. (At?, double, and ^vXXov, leaf.) — Fl. i. 203, 



t. 19, 20; Gray, Gen. 111. i. 83, t. 33. — Single species; for the D. Gmiji, F. 



Schmidt, of Sachalin and Japan, seems to be no more than a variety, with some 



pubescence on the leaves. 



D. cymosa, Michx. 1. c. Rootstock horizontal and with large contiguous scars on upper 

 side left by annual growths: stout flowering stem a foot or two high, al)Ove bearing two 

 alternate approximate petiolate leaves and terminated by a small corymbiform cyme of 

 white flowers : leaves thin, very veiny, accrescent, at first 5 or 6 inches, at lengtli a foot or 

 two wide, with acutely denticulate margins ; cauline with shallow basal and deep central 

 sinus, very excentrically peltate ; large radical centrally peltate and more equally 9-13-lobed: 

 berries as big as peas, blue or black-purple with a bloom. — Sims, Bot. Mag. t. 1666; Pursh, 

 Fl. i. 218; DC Syst. ii. 30; Gray, 1. c. 84, t. 33, & Am. Jour. Sci. xlii. 23.'^ — Springy 

 ground in woods, higher mountains of Virginia, Carolina, and E. Tennessee; fl. spring. 

 (N. E. Asia.) 



7. P0D0PH"5^LLUM, L. May-apple, Mandrake. (Hovs, foot, and 



<f>vX.\ov, leaf, probably in reference to the very large footstock of the radical 



leaves.) — Robust perennial herbs (Atlantic N. Amer. and Asiatic, in 3 or 4 



species), with strong running rootstocks, sending up in spring single centrallj^ 



peltate leaves from an undeveloped stem, also mostly 2-leaved one-flowered stems 



with their leaves very eccentrically peltate : flower large, mostly white : woody 



bundles in stem scattered. — Syst. Nat. ed. 1, & Gen. no. 426; Gray, Gen. 111. 



i. 87, t. 35, 36. Anapodophyllum, Tourn. Inst. 239, t. 122. 



P. peltatum, L. Radical leaf of sterile shoots with petiole a foot or more high, about 

 equally 7-9-parted into oblong-cuneate and emarginate divisions ; leaves of flowering stem a 

 pair at summit, with a short-peduncled flower between tliem : stamens 12 to 18: pulpy 

 fruit ovoid, nearly 2 inches long : sometimes flowering stem leafless, a naked scape ; some- 

 times 3 alternate leaves or 2 unequal ones, the smaller 2-3-lobed, sometimes 2 or 3 addi- 

 tional carpels ! — Spec. i. 505 ; Michx. Fl. i. 309 ; Lam. 111. t. 449 ; Bigel. Med. Bot. ii. 34, 

 t. 23; Sims, Bot. Mag. t. 1819; Gray, 1. c. 88, t. 35, 36; Porter, Bot. Gaz. ii. 117, with 

 figures of variations.^ P. montnmim & P. caJlicarpum, Raf. Med. Fl. ii. 59, 60. Annpodo- 

 phi/lliim peltatum, Mu?nch, Meth. 277. — Low and alluvial ground, borders of Canada to 

 Minnesota, Missouri, E. Texas, and Florida, (.lapau ?) 



Order VI. NYMPH^ACE^. 



By a. Gray ; the genus Nuphar by B. L. Robinson. 



Aquatic perennial herbs ; with naked and one-flowered scapes or peduncles, 

 commonly peltate leaves which are involute in the bud ; hermaphrodite flowers, 

 with the floral envelopes commonly in threes or fours, or indefinitely numerous, 



1 Wisconsin, Lapham. 2 Add Lloyd Bros. Am. Drugs & Med. ii. 120, 121. 



» Also Foer.ste, Bull. Torr. Club, xi. (52. 



