Sar};acenia. SARRACENIACE.E. 79 



diameter; margin repaud; stiginatic rays 11 to 14: fruit depressed-ovate, 7 or 8 lines in 

 diameter, costate and moderately constricted beneath the disk ; seeds pale yellowish brown, 

 1^ lines in diameter. — Fl. ii. 370 ; DC. Syst. ii. 62 ; Ell. Sk. ii, 8. N. sagittifolium, Morong, 

 Bot. Gaz. xi. 169. N. loiu/i folia, Smith in Rees, Cycl. no. 5. iVi/iiipluEu sagittifolia, Walt. 

 Car. 155. N. sagittata,Vev^. Syn. ii. 63. N. longifolia, Michx. Fl. i. 312. —In stagnant 

 pools of the low lands, North Carolina to Georgia and (ace. to Morong) Florida; also in 

 S. Indiana and Illinois, Schneck {fide Watson & Coulter). 



Order VII. SARRACENIACE^. 



By a. Gray. 



Acaulescent perennial bog-plants, with colorless inert juice, and leaves trans- 

 formed into more or less colored secretive pitchers or tubes (in which insects are 

 collected) ; the flowers hermaphrodite, hypogynous, polyandrous ; sepals and 

 petals each 5 and imbricated in the bud; anthers fixed by the middle and 

 introrse ; pistil compound, 3-5-celled, with many-ovuled placentte in the axis ; 

 fruit a loculicidal capsule ; seed anatropous, with a small embryo at the base of 

 fleshy albumen. Flowers comparatively large, nodding. True affinity of the 

 order undetermined. Consists of a monotypic apetalous and tricarpellary genus 

 found on a single mountain in Eastern S. America, and of the following, 



1. SARRACENIA. Bractlets 3 under the calyx. Sepals coriaceous, persistent. Petals 

 panduriform, at first conuivent-incurved and imbricated over the stamens and pistil, in age 

 becoming deciduous. Ovary globular and S-lobed, the lobes alternate with the petals : style 

 bearing 5-angled 5-rayed umbrella, the tips of the slender rays projecting from the notched 

 angles, recurved and introrsely stigmatose. Capsule densely verrucose, loculicidal, but the 

 five valves cohering l)y the partitions with the axis. Seeds with a close and firm reticulate 

 coat and broad rhaphe. 



2. DARLINGTONIA. Sepals membranaceous and somewhat herbaceous, lax, marcescent 

 Petals shorter, somewhat convergent, oblong-ovate, with a contraction above the middle 

 and the apical portion concave, marcescent. Stamens 12 to 20, short. Ovary somewhat 

 turbinate with depressed or umbilicate broad summit, the cells opposite the petals : style 

 short, 5-cleft ; its short and thick branches radiate-spreading : stigma broad and terminal 

 Capsule oblong, smooth, 5-valved, the valves septiferous ; base of the columella naked 

 Seeds clavate or turbinate, densely beset with short stiff bristles. Scape bracteate. 



1. SARRACENIA, Tourn. Pitcher-plant, Side-saddle Flower, 

 Trumpets. (^Dr. Sarrazin of Quebec, who about the year 1730 sent our 

 northern species and an account of it to Tournefort.) — Scape naked and one- 

 flowered with the cluster of radical leaves from a short horizontal rootstock ; the 

 pitchers trumpet-shaped with a venti'al wing or salient margin and an arching 

 hood (the lamina) at apex, some earlier leaves phyllodia-like, destitute of pitcher, 

 all yellowish green or purplish, or purple-veined. Petals purple or yellow. Fl. 

 early summer or southward in spring. Species all strictly Atlantic N. American. 

 — Inst. 657, t. 476, & L. Gen. ed. 1-5, as Sarracena; L. Spec. i. 510, & Gen. 

 ed. 6, no. 652 ; Mill. Ic. t. 241 ; Groom, Ann. Lye. N. Y. iv. 98 ; A. DC. Prodr. 

 xvii. 3. Coilophyllum, Morison, PI. Oxon. iii. 533. For account of the relation 

 of the pitchers to insects and references to the literature, see Goodale, Physiol. 

 Bot. 347-353. Sweet alluring secretion at some time more or less manifest at 



