106 CRUCIFERaE. Draha. 



higher regions the characters become obscured and limits of species ill defined. 

 Some South American species are suffruticose and have showy violet-colored 

 flowers. — Cat. PI. Giss. App. 122; L. Gen. no. 535; Gray, Gen. 111. i. 159, 

 t. 68, G9 ; Benth, & Hook. Gen. i. 74 ; Wats. Proc. Am. Acad, xxiii. 255. 

 [By S. Watson.] 



§1. Erophila, Koch. Petals bifid: flowers white : pods many-seeded, round- 

 oval to oblong : stellate-pubescent scapose winter-annuals with coarsely toothed 

 or entire leaves. — Syn. 65.-' 



D. VERNA, L. (Whitloav-grass.) Leaves rosiilate, oblong-obovate to oblauceolate : scapes 

 very slender, glabrous or nearly so, 2 to 6 inches high : pods glabrous, round-oval to oblong, 

 2 to 4 lines long, shorter than the spreading pedicels ; stigma nearly sessile. — Spec. ii. 642 ; 

 Barton, Fl. N. A. iii. 49, t. 88, f. 2 ; Gray, 1. c. t. 69. D. vernu, var. Americnna, Pers. Syn. 

 ii. 190. Ei-uphila Americana, DC. Syst. ii. 356. E. vulgaris, DC. 1. c. ; Hook. Fl. Bor.-Am. 

 i. 56. — Quebec to Georgia, Chapman, and west to Minnesota and Missouri ; Washington 

 and Vancouver Isl. ; fl. early. ^ (Nat. from Eu.) 



§ 2. Heterodraba, Watson. Pedicels reflexed, secund : seeds G to 10, his- 

 pidulous : branching short-caulescent winter-annual, stellate-pubescent ; the leaves 

 coarsely toothed or entire : flowers white. — Proc. Am. Acad, xxiii. 256. Hetero- 

 draba, Greene, Bull. Calif. Acad. Sci. i. 71. 



D. unilateralis, M. E. Joxes. Branching from the base ; branches spreading, elongated, 

 lax, leafy below : leaves cuneate-obovate to oblauceolate, an inch long or less : racemes 

 usually nearly sessile : flowers very small : siliques round-oval, somewhat twisted, pubescent, 

 distant, 2 or 3 lines long, on pedicels a line long or less, 12-seeded; stigma sessile. — Bull. 

 Torr. Club, ix. 124. Heterodraba unilateralis, Greene, 1. c. 72. — Valleys of California from 

 Colusa County to All Saints Bay, Lower Calif. 



§ 3. Drabella, DC. Short-caulescent and more or less leafy winter- 

 annuals (rarely biennial in D. crassifol'ia ; scapose in D. asprella and D. eras- 

 si folia) : pubescence stellate or more or less villous : pedicels not reflexed : petals 

 entire or emarginate : seeds smooth. — Syst. ii. 332, 351. 



* Early spring species of valleys and hillsides ; southern. 

 -1— Leaves entire : flowers white : pedicels clustered or approximate. 

 D. Caroliniana, Walt. Very slender, usually branched; branches often decumbent: 

 leaves ol)ovate to oblanceolate, obtuse or acute, loosely stellate-pubescent, 6 lines long or 

 less : scape-like peduncles glabrous or pubescent, 1 to 4 inches high : flowers small : pods 

 clustered or approximate, glabrous, linear, 3 to 9 lines long, much exceeding the spreading 

 pedicels; stigma sessile. — Car. 174; Torr. & Gray, Fl. i. 109. {Parnnijchia Myosotis Vir- 

 giniana, Pluk. Aim. t. 51, f. 5.) D. hispirhtla, Michx. Fl. ii. 28. Arahts reptans. Lam. Diet. 

 i. 222. A. rotundifolin, Eaf. Am. Monthly Mag. ii. 43. — E. Massachusetts, J. Robinson, to 

 the northern shores of Lakes Erie and Ontario, Macoiin, Minnesota, Arkansas, and Georgia ; 

 Um.atilla, Oregon, Howell Bros. 



Var, mierantha, Gray. Pods hispid with short sub-appressed hairs. — Man. ed. 5, 

 72. D. mierantha, Nutt. in Torr. & Gray, Fl. i. 109. — Illinois to Nebraska, Texas, and 

 New Mexico; JJtah,^ Watson ; Mt. Helena, Montana, C«w6(/ ; Idaho, Spalding ; Klikitat Co., 

 Washington, SuJcsdorf. 



1 Add syn. Gansblum, Adans. Fam. ii. 420. Erophila, DC. Syst. ii. 356. 



2 This species is a noteworthy aggregate of similar forms, distinguished from each other by minute 

 but apparently constant characters, and is sometimes regarded as a group of many very closely related 

 species. (See Rosen, Bot. Zeit. xlvii. 565 ; Prantl in Engl. & Prantl, Nat. Pflauzenf. iii. Ab. 2, 190.) 

 The coiLstancy of trivial characters is doubtless due to close fertilization prevalent in these plants. 



3 Reported from the Panamint Mountains, Calif., by Coville, Contrib. U. S. Nat. Herb. iv. 6.5. 



