146 CRUCIFER^E. Cochlearia. 



t. 696 ; Hook. 1. c. ; Torr. & Gray, Fl. i. 110. — Shores of the Arctic Ocean, Parry, Franklin, 

 Back, according to Hooker. American specimens with deltoid leaves and all petiolate as in 

 the European specimens do not seem to be repi-esented in the leading American herbaria. 



C. Groenlandica, L. Radical leaves ovate or sub-orbicular, rounded or sliallowly and 

 broadly cordate at the base, usually quite entire ; cauliue narrowly elliptic to rhombic, sub- 

 entire or with a short tooth or two upon each side of the narrowed subsessile or slender- 

 petioled base : capsule globose to ovoid, not strongly reticulated. — Spec. ii. 647 ; DC. Syst. 

 ii. 366; Eng. Bot. t. 2403; Lange, Med. Green, iii. 34, & Jour. Bot. xxvii. 39. — E. Arctic 

 America, Grinnell Land, Greeli/ ExjiecL (Greenland.) A low mo.stly small-leaved species. 

 Var. oblongif olia, Lange. Taller and more robust, 6 to 8 inches high : cauline 

 leaves sessile, oblong ; the upper ones auriculate at the base. — Lange, 1. c. 35. C.oblongi- 

 folia, DC. Syst. ii. 363. — Across Arctic America from Greenland to Alaska. 



C. f enestrata, R- Br. Foliage much as in the preceding species : flowers small : capsule 

 more decidedly ellipsoidal, usually free from distinct reticulation ; seeds about 8 in each 

 cell.— R. Br. in Ross, Voy. 143, & Parry, Ist Voy. Suppl. to App. 266 ; DC. Syst. ii. 367 ; 

 Lange, 1. c. 36. Eutrema Rossii, Spreug. Syst. ii. 880. — Across Arctic America from Alaska 

 to EUesmere Land, Wetherill, (Greenland.) A species variously referred by authors to 

 C. Groenlandica, C. Anglica, and C. officinalis. 



34. NASTtJRTIUM, L., R. Br. (The classical Latin name of some 

 cress, from nasus, nose, and tortus, distortion, from the effect of its pungency 

 upon the nostrils.) — A genus widely dispersed over the globe, of annual, 

 biennial or perennial herbs, growing in damp or wet localities or truly aquatic, 

 glabrous or somewhat puberulent or hispid with simple hairs. Leaves usually 

 lyrately or pinnately parted or toothed, auricled at base. — L. Syst. ed. 1 ; R. 

 Br. in Ait. f. Kew. ed. 2, iv. 109 ; DC. Syst. ii. 187, & Prodr. i. 137 ; Reichenb. 

 Ic. Fl. Germ. ii. t. 50-54 ; Gray, Gen. 111. i. t. 53.^ Roripa, Bess, in Gren. & 

 Godr. Fl. Fr. i. 125, in part. [By S. Watson.] 



* Petals white, exceeding the calyx : glabrous perennials. 

 -1— Pods linear ; stigma small, entire : aquatic with pinnate leaves. 

 N. OFFICINALE, R. Br. 1. c. 110. (Water Cress.) Stems spreading, rooting at the lower 

 nodes: leaflets 3 to 11 (or lateral leaflets none on the lowest leaves), from orbicular to 

 oblong-lanceolate, more or less sinuate or rarely obtusely toothed : pedicels and pods divari- 

 cately spreading or somewhat reflexed : pods 6 to 10 lines long, acuminate, a. little exceed- 

 ing the pedicels. — Sisymbrium Nasturtium, L. Spec. ii. 657.^ — In running water and on wet 

 banks of brooks and ditches ; widely distributed. (Nat. from Eu., Asia.) 

 4_ ^— Pods short ; stigma broader than the style, lobed : leaves undivided or pinnatifid, or 

 the submersed capillary-dissected. 

 N. lacustre Gray. Aquatic : stems elongated, branching above : submersed leaves petio- 

 late and entire or pinnatifid, or mostly sessile and dissected into numerous capillary seg- 

 ments ; emersed leaves oblong, sessile, entire or denticulate or sometimes pinnatifid : pods 

 oblong to oblong-obovate, obtuse, 2 or 3 lines long, shorter tlian the divaricate pedicels ; 

 slender style lialf as long or more ; septum nearly wanting. — Gen. 111. i. 132. N. natans. 

 Hook. Fl.Bor.-Am. i. 39, not DC. N. natans, var. Americana, Gray, Ann. Lye. N. Y. iii. 

 323. Cochlearia aquatica, A. Eaton, Man. ed. 5, 181. Armoracia Americana, Hook. & Arn. 

 Brit. Fl. ed. 7, 29.^ — N. Vermont and Montreal to S. Ontario and S. E. Minnesota, south- 

 ward to Florida and Louisiana. The submersed leaves are deciduous and often take root in 

 the mud and start new plants. 

 N. 0) Armoracia, Fries. (Horse-radish.) Terrestrial, tall and stout : leaves crenate, rarely 

 pinnatifid ; ■• the radical very large, narrowly oblong-lanceolate to oblong-cordate or ovate- 



1 Add ,syn. Rorippa, Scop. Fl. Cam. 520. Roripa of authors. 



2 Add syn. Roripa Nasturtium, Scop. ace. to Rusby, Mem. Torr. Club, iii. no. 3, 5. 

 8 Add syn. Roripa Americana, Britton, Mem. Torr. Club, v. 169. 



4 Prof. C. A. Davis, Bull. Torr. Club, xvii. 318, notes that tlie pinnatifid leaves are regularly pro- 



