190 CISTACE^. Helianthemum. 



H.* Canadense, Michx.^ (Fkost-weed, so named because in this was first noticed the 

 shooting forth of acicular ice-crystals from the dead and cracked bark at the root in late 

 autumu.) Slender, with a few more or less elongated spreading flexuous brandies, puberu- 

 leut but scarcely canescent : leaves elliptic-oblong or oblong-linear, somewhat harsh and 

 rigid, narrowly revolute at the margins : normal flowers large, bright yellow, usually an 

 inch sometimes even an inch and a quarter in diameter, the earliest borne in the primary 

 forks of the stem, later ones higher, becoming rather remote : capsules 3 lines in diameter : 

 cleistogamous flowers borne rather few in a cluster at the ends of short branches or by 2's 

 and 3's in the axils . fruiting calyx at maturity 1-J to 2 lines in diameter. — Fl. i. 308, ar> 

 interpreted by Bicknell, Bull. Torr. Club, xxi. 258; Gray, Gen, 111. i. 204, t. 87 ; Sprague & 

 Goodale, Wild Flowers, t. 29. 1 H. ramidiflorum, Michx. 1. c. 307, form with cleistogamou? 

 flowers. — Massachusetts, on Martha's Vineyard to the Smoky Mts., N. Carolina, Beardslet 

 & Kofoid, to Ft. Gratiot, Mich., Pitcher ; Illinois, Patterson, and (?) Texas, Berlandier. 



H.* majus, Bkitt. Sterns & Poggenb. Somewhat taller, stricter, and more canescent- 

 pubesceut ; branches short, ascending, seldom surpassing the rather close raceme of normal 

 flowers: corolla paler yellow and somewhat smaller : cleistogamous flowers very small in 

 dense many-flowered subsessile clusters : fruiting calyx about a line in diameter. — Torr. 

 Club, Prelim. Cat. N. Y. 6, excl. syn. Michx. ; Bicknell, 1. c. H. Canadense, of authors, 

 in part. ? H. rosmarinifolium & H. corymhosum, Pursh, Fl. ii. 364. H. Canadense, var. 

 Walkera, Evans, Bot. Gaz. xv. 211. Lechea major, L. Spec. ii. 90, & Amoen. Acad. iii. 11, 

 t. 1, f. 4. — S. Maine to New York, and westward and southwestward to the Black Hills, 

 S. Dakota, Forwood, Rydberg ; Colorado, Mrs. Walker, and Texas, Hayes ; ? Alabama, 

 Mohr. 



H. capitatum, Nutt. More slender and branching : leaves linear, or spatulate-liuear, 

 even the upper face somewhat hoary, the margins revolute ■ normal flowers on filiform 

 peduncles terminating the branches, with corolla le.ss than half inch in diameter and calyx 

 minutely canescent ; cryptopetalous ones capitellate-glomerate. — Nutt. in Torr. & Gray, Fl. 

 i. 151 (as syn.), & in Engelm. & Gray, PI. Lindh. pt. 1, 4, inept name. H. polifolium, Torr. 

 & Gray, Fl. i. 151. lleteromeris polifolia, Spach, 11. cc. — Sandy soil, Texas (first coll. by 

 Berlandier), and Arkansas, Nuttall. 



H. COrymbosuni, Michx. Many-stemmed from lignescent base, a span to a foot high, 

 canescent : leaves oval to oblong-lanceolate : flowers glomerate in a corymbiform terminal 

 cyme, short-pedicelled to subsessile : calyx soft-villous : normal flowers over half inch in 

 diameter and with sepals 3 or 4 lines long ; cryptopetalous ones few. — Fl. i. 307 ; Torr. & 

 Gray, I.e. ; Chapm. Fl. 35. Cistus corymhosns, Poir. Suppl. ii. 272. Heteromeris cymosa, 

 Spach, 11. cc. — Sands along the coast, N. Carolina to Florida. 



* * S. Atlantic species with homomorphous flowers. 



H. arenicola, Chapm. Many-stemmed and diffuse from a woody base, canescent through- 

 out : leaves oblong-linear or the lower spatulate, obtuse, inch or less long, nearly veinless : 

 flowers solitary or few in a fascicle, on peduncles half or quarter inch long : corolla fully 

 half inch in diameter: principal sepals 3 or 4 lines long, oval, obtuse. — Fl. 35. //. Cana- 

 dense, var. ohtusum, Woo A, Classbook, ed. of 1801,246. — Shifting sand of the coast, W. 

 Fh)rida, Chapman, to Mississippi, J. Donnell S7nith. 



H.* Nashi, Beitton. Similar to the last in its ligneous base, its habit and pubescence : 

 leaves acute at both ends : flowers in leafy-bracted thyrsoid clusters : inner sepals oval, very 

 obtuse. — Bull. Torr. Club, xxii. 147. — In "scrub," near Eustis, Florida, G. V. Nash. 



H. Carolinianum, Michx. Mostly simple-stemmed from slender merely lignescent sub- 

 terranean shoots, a span or two high, villous-pubescent, not hoary, few-flowered : leaves 

 obovate to oblong, inch or two long, radical ones rosulate-clustered ; flowers terminal or 

 lateral, slender-peduncled : corolla inch or more in diameter : principal sepals ovate, acu- 

 minate, about half inch long. — Fl. i. 307; Sweet, Cist. t. 99; Torr. & Gray, FL i. 152; 



1 The description of this ]ilant has been rewritten to exclude the following species. The credit of 

 the first clear distinction between these nearly related plants is due to the close observation of Mr. 

 E. P. Bicknell, and the names here used are those he has employed, although there is still a doubt as 

 to the identity of the Liunaian Lechea major. 



