200 VIOLACEiE. Viola. 



++ -H- Ovary and globular capsule pubescent. 



V. prsemorsa, Dougl. Puberulent or ciuereous-pubeseeut, sometimes glabrate : caudex 

 either short and rather stout, or longer and slender : leaves ovate or subcordate to oblong- 

 lanceolate, or some even linear-lanceolate, from undulate or ol)tusely serrate to irregularly 

 dentate (blade half inch to inch or more long) : upper stipules lanceolate, mostly laciniate : 

 peduncles usually much surpassing the leaves : sepals lanceolate or linear, acute : petals 

 from a third to half inch long, bright yellow, or brownish-tinged outside, sometimes two 

 upper purple-browu. — Dougl. in Liudl. Bot. Reg. t. 1254; Hook. Fl. Bor.-Am. i. 80, as to 

 pi. Dougl. V.pra'morsa (small form), & I". Nuttallii, Eeuth. PL Hartw. 298. V. Nuttallii, 

 var. pnemorsu, Wats. Bot. King Exp. 3.5. V. aurea, Kellogg, Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci. ii. 185, 

 t. 54; Brew. & Wats. 1. c. 56. V. Brooksii, Kellogg,^ Calif. Horticulturist, ix. 281. — 

 Gravelly or sandy soil, S. W. Idaho and Washington to W. Nevada ^ and S. (and Lower) 

 California, extending to the higher mountains; in very variable forms. 



Var. venosa, Gray, u. var. ( V. Nuttallii, var. venosa, Wats. Bot. King Exp. 35, V. aurea, 

 var. venosa, Brew. & Wats. Bot. Calif, i. 56, and V. purpurea, Kellogg, Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci. 

 i. 56) is a depressed or reduced form of the higher and drier Cascade Mountains and Sierras, 

 commonly with laciniate-dentate and more veiny (often purple- veined) leaves. 



-1— -1— Leaves dissected : mainly subcaulesceut ; the cluster of slender stems mainly sub- 

 terranean from a short and usually deep fascicled-rooted rootstock or caudex ; peduncles 

 therefore scapiform, least so in the last species. 



++ Petals beardless, yellow or upper merely brownish. 



V. chrysantha, Hook. Leaves mostly bipinnately dissected into linear lobes, short-pubes- 

 cent or glabrate : petals half inch long or smaller, deep orange-yellow, commonly mth some 

 brown-purple lines, upper ones often partly and sometimes largely brown-purple. — Ic. 

 t. 49; Torr. & Gray, El. i. 143, 671 ; Brew. & Wats. Bot. Calif, i. 58 ; not Schrad., which is 

 of no account. V. Douglasii, Steud. Nomencl. ed. 2, 771.^ — Open and dry ground, Cali- 

 fornia, from Mendocino Co. to San Diego, first coll. by Douglas. 



V. Sheltonii, Torr. Glatrous, slender : leaves of orbicular outline, palmately 3-divided, 

 the obovate-cuneate divisions ])almately or pedately 3-parted or again cleft into linear-spatu- 

 late or oblong-linear obtuse lobes : petals l)eardless, pale yellow, a third to nearly half inch 

 long. — Pacif . R. Rep. iv. 67, t. 2 ; Brew. & AVats. 1. c. — Mountains of California from 

 Colusa and Plumas Co.* (first coll. by Mr. Shelton) to S. Oregon, Howell, partly cleis- 

 togamous ; hillsides in White Salmon Valley, Washington, Suksdorf. The stigma is sub- 

 tended by two small bearded tufts, as in the others. 



-H- ++ Lateral petals with a tuft of beard ; upper ones deej) lilue or violet purple. 



V. Beckwithii, Torr. & Gray. Hirsutulous-pubescent, sometimes nearly glabrous: 

 leaves of rounded outline, palmately about thrice 3-parted into linear or spatulate-linear 

 obtuse (or barely mucrouulate) lobes; primary divisions more or less petiolulate : petals 

 nearly half inch long ; lateral and lower ones light blue or bluish or white and purple- 

 veined, with merely yellowish base. — Pacif. R. Rep. ii. 119, t. 1; Wats. Bot. King Exp. 

 35; Brew. & Wats. Bot. Calif, i. 58 (in latter lower petals inadvertently described as yellow). 

 V. montana, Kellogg, Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci. i. 56. — Erom N. W. Nevada (Diamond Moun- 

 tain, Beckwith) and adjacent Sierra Nevada, California to Oregon. 



V. Hallii, Gray. Glabrous : leaves of ovate or oblong and irregular outline, subpinnately 

 or pedately about twice parted into lanceolate or linear obscurely veined or nerved or vein- 

 less callous-apiculate lobes : stipules variable, upper often enlarged and foliaceous, adnate, 

 laciniate or entire : petals strongly two-colored, lateral and lower j^ellow or cream-color. — 

 Proc. Am. Acad. viii. 377; Brew. & Wats. Bot. Calif, i. 57. — Dry ground, from Salem, 

 Oregon (where discovered by E. Hall and later coll. by Howell, &c.),'to Humboldt Co., 

 California, Rattan. 



1 Add syn. V. pinetorum, Greene, Pittonia, ii. 14. V. jmrpiirea, var. pinetorum, Greene, Fl. 

 Francis. 243. 



2 Yellowstone Nat. Park, Dewart. 

 8 Add Greene, Pittonia, ii. 14. 



4 Snow Mountain, Lake Co., Calif., Mrs, Brandegee, Zee, iv. 171. 



