tonidium. CANELLACE^. 205 



3. lONtDIUM, Vent, ("lov, ctSos, like a violet.) — Shrubs or herbs 

 (chiefly tropical), with branching and leafy stems, alternate or opposite leaves, 

 and flowers variously clustered or sometimes solitary and short-peduucled in the 

 axils. — Hort. Malm. i. fol. & t. 27 ; Mart. Spec. Mat. Med. Bras. 13, t. 3, 4 ; 

 Torr. & Gray, 1. c. 144; Benth. & Hook. Gen. i. 117, excl. Hyhanthus & Solea. 

 Calceolaria, Loefl. It. Hisp. 183 (1758), not Juss. Hybanthus, Baill. Hist. PI. 

 iv. 351, excl. sp. (not Jacq.). 



I. FRUTicuLosuM, Beiitli. Bot. Sulph. 7, t. 2, and a probable variety dentAtum, Gray, Proc. 

 Am. Acad. v. 154, are from the southern end of Lower California. 



I. polygalaef olium, Vent. Low, many-stemmed from a woody caudex, erect or diffuse, 

 leafy, puberulent or glabrous : leaves both alternate and opposite, from linear to oblanceo- 

 late or lower even obovate, entire, rarely subdentate : stipules sometimes like the leaves, 

 sometimes small or wanting : flowers solitary in the axils, nodding on peduncles shorter 

 than the leaves : corolla about 2 lines long, white or whitish ; lower lip not stipitate nor 

 prolonged : a pair of small scale-like glands at base of the lower stamens. — Hort. Malm, 

 i. t. 27 ; HBK. Nov. Gen. & Spec. v. 376, t. 496, f. 1 ; DC. Prodr. i. 309; Wats. Proc. Am. 

 Acad. xvii. 324. 1. lineare, Torr. Ann. Lye. N. Y. ii. 168; Gray, Gen. 111. i. 190, t. 82, PI. 

 Lindh. pt. 2, 151, PI. Wright, i. 12, & ii. 16. I. gracile, M09. & Sesse' in DC. 1. c. 309, & Caiques 

 des Dess. t. 36. /. lineare & /. stipulaceum (Nutt.), Torr. & Gray, Fl. i. 145. Viola verticil- 

 lata, Ort. Dec. iv. 50; Spreng. in Schrad. Jour. 1800, ii. 190, t. 6, where it is suggested as a 

 genus, Solea^ Variable species, in Mexico commonly but not always witli peduncle nearly 

 equalling subtending leaf ; in U. S. peduncles commonly but not always much shorter. — 

 Plains and low grounds, Arkansas and Texas to Arizona. (Mex.) 



I. parietarisef olium, DC. A foot or two high from an annual root, erect, loosely branched, 

 from puberulent or above loosely pilose-pubescent to glabrous : leaves alternate or the lower 

 opposite, membranaceous, ovate-oblong to lanceolate, acute or acuminate, narrowed at base 

 mostly into a petiole, more or less serrate : stipules small and subulate : flowers axillary on 

 peduncles shorter than the leaf: corolla white and purplish; lower petal fully twice the 

 length of the others, 4 lines long, labelliform, the oval lamina slender-stipitate : a laterally 

 compressed gland on base of each anterior stamen. — Prodr. i. 308 ; Eichl. Fl. Bras. xiii. 

 pt. 1, 371 ; Wats. Proc. Am. Acad. xxi. 415. /. riparium, var., Gray, PI. Wright, ii. 16, & 

 /. lineare, var. platyphyllum, Gray, PI. Wright, i. 12, both probably with some cleistogamous 

 flowers. — W. Texas and S.Arizona, Wright. Only the var. Berteroi, DC. 1. c. 308, with 

 subserrate leaves; near 25 & 93, coll. Palmer, in Northern Mexico; the var. Houstoni, DC, 

 from farther south, has broader leaves thickly serrate with fine sharp teeth. (Mex. to 

 Brazil.) 



Oeder XV. CANELLACE^. 



By A. Gray. 



Tropical trees, with pungent-aromatic bark, pellucid-punctate evergreen and 

 entire penniveined leaves, no stipules, and regular hermaphrodite cymose flowers, 

 the 10 or more hypogynous stamens wholly monadelphous, with the 2-celled 

 anthers extrorsely adnate to the truncate tube, enclosing the one-celled and short- 

 styled ovary, which bears few to several ovules on 2 to 4 parietal placentae ; the 

 fruit a berry ; seeds camphylotropous or anatrojwus, with a small embryo in 

 copious albumen. — American order of two genera and very few species, one 

 reaching Florida. 



1 Add syn. Calceolaria verticillata, Kuntze, Rev. Gen. 41. 



