206 CANELLACE^. Canella. 



1. CANELLA, P. Browne. (Canela, Si^anish name for cinnamon, &c., 

 probably from the quilled bark.) — Sepals 3, orbicular, imbricated, persistent. 

 Petals 5, imbricated in the bud, obovate, deciduous : no interior scales. Stamens 

 10. Stigmas 2. Placentae 2 oi- 3, each with a pair of ovules ascending from a 

 pendulous funiculus. Seed-coat crustaceous. — Jam. 275, t. 27, f . 3 ; Swartz, 

 Trans. Linn. Soc. i. 96, t. 8; Griseb. Fl. W. Ind. 109 ; Benth. & Hook. Gen. 

 i. 121, where petals are taken for sepals and these for bracts. (Cf. Eichl. Fl. 

 Bras. xiii. pt. 1, 521.) 



C. alba, MuRR. (White Canella or Winter's Bark, White-wood, Wild Cinnamon.) 



Tree 20 to 50 feet high, heavy-wooded : leaves spatulate or oblong-obovate, 2 to 4 inches 

 long, shiuiug above : flowers in small terminal cymes : flower 2 or 3 lines long, odorous, 

 violet, with anthers yellow : berries black, globose ; seeds few, black, shining. — Syst. Veg. 

 ed. 14, 443 ; Swartz, 1. c. ; Chapm. Fl. 43 ; Sargent, U. S. Tenth Census, ix. 24. ^ C. Win- 

 terana, Gsertn. Fruct. i. 373, t. 77.2 Winterania Canella, L. Spec. ed. 2, 636 (Catesb. Car. 

 ii. t. 50). — Southern Keys of Florida. ( W. Ind.) Furnishes the White Winter's Bark of 

 commerce. 



Oedee XVI. BIXACE^. 



By a. Gray. 



A tropical and very varied order (including Samydece) of trees and shrubs, with 

 2-GO-carpellary pistil and as many parietal placentfe, the type Bixa Orellana, 

 L., the Arnotto (which in the pulp investing its seeds furnishes the coloring 

 matter of that name), to which as Tribe Cochlosperme^ have been somewhat 

 doubtfully referred Cochlospermum, Kunth, and the following related genus of 

 low herbs, with axile placentation, which reaches the United States. 



1. AMOREtJXIA, MoQ. & Sesse. (P. /. Amoreux, a botanist of Mont- 

 pellier.) — Hypogynous, and no glandular torus. Sepals 5, lanceolate, tardily 

 deciduous. Petals 5, amj^le, rounded-obovate, convolute in the bud, deciduous. 

 Stamens indefinitely numerous : filaments filiform, on one side of the flower 

 longer than the other and incurved : anthers linear, basifixed, 2-celled, opening 

 introrsely at the tip. Ovary subglobose, 3-celled, with placentce in the thickish 

 axis : style and stigma entire. Ovules numerous in a double series, campylotro- 

 pous or amphitropous. Cajisule large, jiendulous, smooth, 3-celled ; epicarp 6- 

 (or 3-) valved, thin coriaceous, separating from the membranaceous or chartaceous 

 endocarp, which is either loculicidally 3-valved or bursts irregularly. Seeds 

 large, with a crustaceous smooth seed-coat under a thin episperm or pellicle : 

 embi'yo more or less incurved in the copious firm-fleshy albumen ; the roundish- 

 oval or oblong thin cotyledons much longer than the caulicle. Low, simple- 

 stemmed and mostly glabrous herbs, from a stout lignescent perennial stock or 

 root : leaves alternate, long-petioled, orbicular in outline, deeply palmately 5-9- 

 lobed, the obovate or spatulate lobes acutely dentate : stipules subulate-setaceous, 



1 Add Silva, i. 37, t. 20. 



2 Add syn. Laurus Winteratia, L. Spec. i. 371. Canella laurifolia, Lodd. Cat. ace. to Sweet, 

 Hort. Brit. 65. 



