216 CARYOPHYLLACE^. Silene. 



or bifid, minutely appendaged. — Spec. ed. 2, i. 603 ; Reichenb. 1. c. t. 270. Cucubalus acau- 

 lis, Ij. Spec. i. 415. Lychnis acaulis, Scop. Fl. Cam. ed. 2, i. 306. — An arctic and high 

 alpine species, widely distributed and somewhat variable ; Arctic America to the White 

 Mts. ; extending along the Rocky Mts. from Alaska to Arizona; also found in the Cascade 

 Mts. (Eu., Asia.) A somewhat caulescent form, with very slender elongated leaves 1 to 

 1^ inches in length, has been found in the Rocky Mts. of Colorado, Hall & Harbour, Miss 

 Eastwood, and Arizona, Rothrock. It is connected, however, with the typical form by 

 gradual transitions. 



* * * Caulescent perennials. 



•t- Species of the Atlantic and Gulf States and of the Mississippi Valley. 



++ Calyx inflated, flowers white or pink, scattered or panicled. 



S. nivea, Muhl. Stem smooth or minutely pubescent above, I J to 3 feet in height : leaves 

 opposite, lanceolate, attenuate-acuminate, smooth or pulverulent-pubescent : flowers rather 

 few, nodding, borne in the forks of the branches : bracts foliar : calyx oblong in anthesis, 

 finely pubescent or smooth ; nerves inconspicuous, anastomosing, the teeth short, triangular, 

 obtuse: petals cuneate-obovate, bearing two short blunt appendages. — Muhl. ace. to Nutt. 

 Gen. i. 287, where first descr. (Nutt. evidently miscopying the name S. alba of Muhl.) ; Otth, 

 1. c. 377 ; Torr. & Gray, Fl. i. 190 ; Rohrb. 1. c. 87. S. alba, Muhl. Cat. 45 {nomen subnudum). 

 Cucubalus niveus, Nutt. Gen. i. 287. — Pennsylvania and Washington, D. C, and mountains 

 of E. Tennessee (ace. to Chapman), to S. Illinois, Iowa, and Minnesota; rather local but 

 not rare. Some specimens have been discovered also at Orono, Maine, by Prof. F. L. Har- 

 vey, who regards the species as indigenous at this extra-limital station. 



S. stellata. Ait. f. (Starry Campion.) Stems 2 to 3 feet high: leaves in whorls of 4 

 (the uppermost and lowest sometimes opposite), ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, 2 to 3 inches 

 long, half as broad : flowers in an open panicle : calyx campanulate, 4 to 5 lines in length ; 

 the teeth broad, acuminate: petals laciniately cleft, unappendaged. — [Dryander ? in] Ait. 

 f. Kew. ed. 2, iii. 84 ; Torr. Fl. N. Y. i. 100, t. 16 ; Meehan, Native Flowers, ser. 1, ii. 45, 

 t. 12. Cucubalus stellatus, L. Spec. i. 414; Sims, Bot. Mag. t. 1107. — Woodland, frequent, 

 E. Massachusetts to Minnesota and Nebraska, Hayden, Clements, southward to Georgia, 

 Small, and Texas. 



++ ++ Calyx not inflated, distended only by the enlarging capsule. 

 = Flowers white or rose-colored. 



S. ovata, PuRSH. Pubescent or smooth : stems several from the same root, 2 to 4 feet in 

 height : leaves ovate to ovate-lanceolate, attenuate-acuminate, 3-5-nerved from the rounded 

 ba.se, sessile, subconnate, 3 to 5 inches long : flowers borne in a narrow terminal leafless 

 panicle: calyx tubular, 3 to 4 lines in length, 10-nerved: petals white, blades dichoto- 

 mously cleft into linear segments. — Fl. i. 316; Torr. & Gray, Fl. i. 190; Chapm. Fl. 51. 

 ? Cucubalus polypetalus, Walt. Car. 141. — Alluvial woods, uplands. North Carolina to Geor- 

 gia and Alabama. 



S. Baldwinii, Nutt. Villous : stems low, weak, decumbent, throwing out runners : lower 

 leaves spatulate, obtuse, with attenuate bases ; the upper oblanceolate or lanceolate, acute : 

 flowers few, very large, 1 5 inches or more in diameter, pedicellate, aggregated at the ends 

 of the stems: calyx clavate, pubescent, 10 lines in length; the teeth ovate-lanceolate, acu- 

 minate : petals white or pink ; the large obovate blades fringed, unappendaged : capsule 

 aseptate. — Gen. i. 288; Torr. & Gray, Fl. i. 193; Chapm. Fl. 51. S.Jimbriata, Baldw. in 

 Ell. Sk. i. 515, not of Sims. Melandryum Bnldwini, Rohrb. 1. c. 231 ; Wats. Bot. King Exp. 

 431. — Georgia and Florida ; fl. March to May. 



S. nutans, L., a slender European species with narrow leaves cliiefly clustered near the 

 base, and white or rose-colored flowers nodding in a narrow panicle, has been found more or 

 less established on Mt. Desert LsL, Maine, Miss Minot, and has been collected at Arrochar, 

 Richmond Co., N. Y., by W. C. Kerr (Bull. Torr. Club, xxii. 460). 



S. Pennsylvanica, MiCHX. (Wild Pink.) Viscid-pubescent: stems few or many, 6 to 9 

 inches high, from a strong tap-root : leaves mostly at the base, spatulate or oblanceolate. 

 usually acutish at the apex, tapering below to long ciliated petioles ; the two or three pairs 



