Cerastium. CARYOPIIYLLACEiE. 231 



Point Reyes, where first collected by Bigelow, and elsewhere ; a rank growing form, serving 

 to connect the next species through var. Fischerlunum, from which in some cases it can 

 scarcely be distinguished except by the narrow lower leaves. Similar robust forms of C. 

 arvense have been found on the St. Clair Riv., Wis., Houghton, and in N. Illinois, at Joliet, 

 Boott, and Dixon, Vasey. 



Var. villosum, Hollick & Brixton, 1. c. 49. Densely villous: leaves narrowly 

 lance-oblong to ovate-lanceolate. — C. velutinum, Raf. Med. Rep. hex. 2, v. 359. C. villosum, 

 Muhl. Cat. 46 ; Darliugt. Fl. Cest. ed. 2, 279. 1 C. hirsutum, Darlingt. Florula Cest. 54. C. 

 oblonrjifolnnn, Torr. & Gray, Fl. i. 188, in part; Wats. Bibl. Index, 101. C. arvense, var. 

 velutinum, Britton, Mem. Torr. Club, v. 150. — Pennsylvania, Lancaster Co., Porter, Small, 

 Chester Co., Canbg. 



Var. Fuegianum, Hook. f. Depauperate, 2 to 3 inches high, with short thickish 

 imbricated leaves and sub-solitary terminal flowers. — Hook. f. in Gray, Bot. U. S. Expl. 

 Exped. 119. — Specimens collected by Coulter in the Yellowstone Park have been confidently 

 referred to this variety by Hollick & Britton, 1. c, and no. 41 of Parry from Northwestern 

 Wyoming is doubtless the same. (Fuegia.) 



C. alpinum, L. Silky-villous perennial : stems weak, matted : leaves elliptic-ovate, 4 to 5 

 lines long : petals notched at the apex, 1-^ to 2 times the length of the sepals. — Spec. i. 438 ; 

 Torr. & Gray, Fl. i. 188; Regel, Bull. Soc. Nat. Mosc. xxxv. 314, 315. C. lanatum. Lam. 

 Diet. i. 680. C. latifolium, Greville, Mem. Soc. Wern. iii. 429. C. vulgatum. Hook. f. Arc. 

 PI. 288, iu part. 1 C. latifolium. Hart, Jour. Bot. xviii. 205. — Arctic America from Green- 

 land to Alaska, also in Labrador, the Hudson Bay region, and upon the Rocky Mts. of 

 Brit. America. (p]u., Asia.) The following varieties extend farther southward. 



Var. Beeringianum, Regel, 1. c. 316. Tomentulose and less silky-villous, somewhat 

 glandular-viscid above : leaves smaller, oblong : petals shorter, often scarcely exceeding the 

 calyx. — C. Beeringianum, Cham. & Schlecht. Linutea, i. 62. C. vulgatum, var. Beerimpa- 

 num, Fenzl in Ledeb. Fl. Ross. i. 409. C. alpinum,. var. Behringianum, Wats. Bibl. Index, 

 100; Coulter, Man. Rocky Mt. Reg. 33. — Alaska to the Rocky Mts. of Colorado and 

 Arizona. This variety is sometimes difficult to distinguish from stunted short-leaved forms 

 of C. arvense, but its flowers are less densely aggregated and have the slightly larger firmer 

 and more herbaceous sepals characteristic of C. alpinum. 



Var. Fischerianum, Tokr. & Gray. Tomentose or hirsutulous, taller, 8 to 10 

 inches or even more than a foot in height : leaves rather thick, elliptic-lanceolate or oval- 

 lanceolate, acute or acutish, an inch or more in length: capsule IJ to 2 (or rarely 3) times 

 the length of the calyx. — Fl. i. 188 ; Regel, 1. c. 319. C. rigidum, Ledeb. Me'm. Acad. Petrop. 

 v. 538. C. Fischerianum, Seriuge in DC. Prodr. i. 419. C. vulgatum, vars. grand ijloriim & 

 macrocarpum, Fenzl in Ledeb. Fl. Ross. i. 409, 410. To judge from tlie figure in the Caiques 

 des Dessins, C. stellarioides, Moc, should be referred here also, having been placed by Sc- 

 ringe probably through an error iu § Strephodon. — A stout variety passing to C. arvense, 

 var. maximum, but with broader more elliptic-ovate leaves and longer capsules. Alaska to 

 Humboldt Co., Calif., Rattan. (Siberia, Japan.) The leaves are thicker and the sepals 

 more pubescent and acute than in C. pilosum, Ledeb., to which it is also nearly related. 



Var. glabratum, Hook. Leaves and calyx nearly smooth. — Hook, in Parry, 2d 

 Voy. App. 390, & Fl. Bor.-Am. i. 104. — Arctic America with the pubescent forms but much 

 rarer. (N. Eu.) 



§ 3. Di'cHODON, BartL Styles normally 3: teeth of the capsule erect or 



slightly spreading, not circinate-revolute. — Bartl. in Endl. Gen. 970. — Our 



species with symmetrical capsule and short glabrous leaves. 



C. trigynum, Vill. Perennial, with stems weak, spreading, somewhat matted, smooth or 

 glandular-pubescent, loosely 2-3-flowered : leaves oblong, 3 to 5 (to 8) lines in length ; tlie 

 uppermost ovate : sepals lance-ovate or oblong, obtuse, 2 to 3 lines long : petals 1^ to 2 times 

 the length of the calyx, obcordate, bifid nearly half way to the ba.se : capsule o1)long-conic, 

 twice the length of the calyx ; teeth finally spreading. — Prosp. 48, & Dauph. iii. 645, t. 46; 

 Fenzl in Ledeb. Fl. Ross. i. 396. C. cerastioides, Britton, Mem. Torr. Club, v. 150. Stella- 

 ria cerastoides, L. Spec. i. 422; Torr. & Gray, Fl. i. 184; Hook. f. Arc. PI. 288. — Table- 

 topped mountain, Gaspe, Lower Canada, Allen ; Cape Chudleigh, Hudson Strait, Bell; 



