296 MALVACE^. 



with short column 1 5-20-toothed and no anthers or bare rudiments. Filiform style-branches 

 8 to 10. Carpels at maturity separating from very small central axis, beakless, barely 

 apiculate, hardly at all reuiform, chartaceo-coriaceous, smooth, closed, or at length opening 

 veutrally or even 2-valved ; seed reuiform. 



Subtribe II. Side.e. {SidecB kAhutilece, Gray, Gen. 111. ii, 47.) Style-branches ter- 

 minated by a capitate or truncate stigma. Carpels 1-few-ovulate. 



* Seeds 1 to 3 in each carpel, reuiform, at least the lower from an ascending ovule and the 

 radicle inferior : calyx usually more or less involucellate-bracteolate. 



7. MALVASTRUM. Ovule and seed solitary, conformed to the rounded cavity of the 

 carpel. 



8. SPH^RALCEA. Ovules 1 to 3 and seeds 1 or 2 sometimes 3 in each carpel, the cell 

 of which is more or less exteuded and empty above, usually rugose-reticulated below. 



9. MODIOLA. Ovules and seeds 2, one in each compartment of the transversely septate 

 carpel; radicle in both seeds inferior or descending. Stamens only 10 to 20, all at very 

 apex of the column, wlien only 10 indistinctly collected in five 2-antheriferous plialanges, 

 the additional stamens when present singly interposed. 



* * Seeds solitary or few in each carpel, at least the lower one resupinate-pendulous, 

 turgid, usually obscurely and obtusely trigonous or cordiform ; the radicle in pendulous 

 seeds superior or ascending : no involucel under the calyx or (in one section of Sida) this 



• represented by 1 to 3 setaceous deciduous bractlets : carpels tardily if at all deciduous at 



maturity, not rarely hanging for some time by a thread or dorsal partly detached nerve. 

 -(— Carpels 3-ovuled, 1-2-seeded ; lower part in fruit strongly reticulate, upper scarious, in 

 the manner common in Sphceralcea. 



10. HORSFORDIA. Upper pair of ovules abortive, or all three fertile. Carpels 8 to 12, 

 disjoined at maturity, early 2-valved above, converting the upper and usually empty scarious 

 portion into a pair of erect and somewhat spreading wings, which equal or exceed the firm 

 reticulated basal portion. Slu-ubs. 



-1— -)— Carpels 1-ovuled, the cell usually filled by the seed. 



1 1. ANODA. Ovule and seed resupinate-horizontal or in some pendulous. Carpels 5 to 20, 

 mostly radiate-divergent in a depressed capsule which breaks up at maturity, the partitions 

 or sides of the carpels evanescent or obliterated, the firmer dorsal and superior portion 

 (commonly bearing a divergent cusp) partly embracing the (naked or arilliform-coated) 

 turgid seed. Calyx usually explauate under the fruit. 



12. SIDA. Ovule and seed pendulous. Carpels with enduring walls, not divergent, either 

 pointless or with single or geminate erect or incumbent cusps or awns. 



-)— ^— -f— Carpels 2-9-ovuled, 1-9-seeded; their summits or cusps (if any) usually di- 

 vergent. 



13. WISSADULA. Carpels 5, transversely and imperfectly biloceliate or constricted in 

 the middle; upper and divergent portion 2-valved, containing one or two ascending or 

 horizontal seeds (rarely seedless) ; lower subclavate, mostly with a single pendulous seed. 



14. ABUTILON. Carpels 5 to 30, homomorphous and continuous, 3-9-ovuled, tardily if at 

 all separating, apically and dorsally dehiscent or at length 2-valved. 



Tribe III. URENE^^. Carpels or cells of the ovary 5, half as many as the style- 

 branches and capitate stigmas, opposite the petals, uniovulate. Stamineal column 

 antheriferous along the upper part, but not at the truncate or 5-toothed summit. 

 Seeds ascending ; radicle superior. 



* Carpels dry, akene-like, separating at maturity, with or without a narrow axis. 



15. MALACHRA. Flowers several and sessile in a capitate or glomerate leafy-involucrate 

 cluster. Calyx not involucellate, 5-cleft, the lobes 3-nerved. Stamineal column short, bear- 

 ing about 20 stamens near its naked apex. Mature carpels obovoid and ventrally angulate, 

 pointless and naked, somewhat dehiscent ventrally. 



