308 MALVACE^. Napoea. 



N. dioica, L. Strong-rooted perennial, roughish-pnbescent : stems nearly simple, 5 to 9 feet 

 high: leaves ample; radical often a foot or more in diameter, palmately 9-11-cleft and the 

 segments laciuiate-pinuatifid into lanceolate incisely serrate lobes ; upper 5-7-cleft or -parted 

 into lanceolate or triangulate-acuminate incisely serrate divisions or lobes : flowers small, 

 numerous in umbellate clusters forming terminal corymbs : petals white : carpels smoothish, 

 at maturity surpassing the calyx. — Spec. ii. 686. N. scabra, L. Mant. ii. 435 ; Lam. 111. t. 

 579, f. 2. Sida dioica, Cav. Diss. t. 132, f. 2; Pursh, Fl. ii. 4.53; DC. Prodr. i. 466; Torr. 

 & Gray, Fl. i. 234, 681. — Limestone valleys of the Alleghanies, Pennsylvania to Virginia; 

 also rich bottom lands, Ohio and Illinois ; ^ not common, but is in cultivation ; fl. summer. 



7. MALVASTRUM, Gray. False Mallow, as the name (coined by 

 De Candolle for a group which also includes all true Malvoe) may denote. — PI. 

 Fendl. 21, Gen. 111. ii. 59, t. 121, 122, & Bot. U. S. Expl. Exped. 146 ; Benth. & 

 Hook. Gen. i. 201.^ — Large genus of herbs and undershrubs, American and 

 some S. African, of various habit. 



* Peduncles or at least the earlier ones long and slender, 1-flowered : petals rose-color or 

 white : calyx involucellate by 3 slender bractlets : carpels orbicular, rugose,, pointless : 

 annuals, not canescent, usually with some hispid or hirsute spreading hairs. — Peduncubsa. 



M. rotundifolium, Gray. Erect, a span to a foot high, hirsute or hispid, with simple 

 and stellate spreading hairs : leaves very long-petioled, reniform-orbicular, coarsely crenate, 

 obscurely or not at all lobed : flowers comparatively large : petals half incii long, rose-purple 

 commonly with a crimson blotch toward the base : carpels 40 or more, very flat, therefore 

 narrow on the back, rugose-reticulate; the thick axis with somewhat membranaceous-dilated 

 summit. — Proc. Am. Acad. vii. 333 ; Brew. & Wats. Bot. Calif, i. 85.3 — Desert of the Colo- 

 rado, California and Arizona, from the Mohave southward. Cooper, Palmer, Janvier. 



M.* exile, Gray.* Soon spreading or decumbent, short stellular-pubescent but often with 

 some longer spreading hairs : stems a span to 2 feet long, slender, branching : leaves usually 

 small, 5-7 -lobed, and lobes commonly laciniate : flowers of different plants of two inter- 

 grading sorts, one chiefly pistillate with small white, roseate, or violet-purple petals (3 to 5 

 lines long), the other much larger, perfect and with petals violet-purple (6 to 10 lines long) : 

 carpels fewer and much smaller than in the preceding species, thicker and very strongly 

 rugose. — Bot. Ives Rep. 8, & Proc. Am. Acad. vii. 333 ; Brew. & Wats. 1. c* 31. Parryi, 

 Greene, Fl. Francis. 108 (form with larger and perfect flowers). — Sandy washes, Colorado 

 Desert with the preceding and north to Nevada and along the San Joaquin, California ; first 

 coll. by Parry, then by Newberry. 



* * Peduncles short or none : petals yellow : calyx involucellate : pubescence of stem and 

 foliage close or appressed, in the earlier species more or less strigose, in the later subca- 

 nescent or cinereous. — Sidoides. 



-)— Annual, northern. 



M. anglistum, Gray. Erect and low (a foot or less high), with spreading branches : 

 leaves lanceolate, inch or .so long, denticulate, nearly glabrous to the naked eye, 1 -nerved 

 and with a pair of obscure basal veins, short-petioled : flowers solitary or glomerate in the 

 axils: bractlets of involucel and stipules setaceous : calyx angulate, accrescent (in age half 

 inch broad), with short and broad triangular lobes: petals little surpassing the calyx : car- 

 pels 5 or 6, tliin-chartaceous at maturity, reuiform, pointless, puberulent, smooth, at length 2- 

 valved. — PI. Fendl. 22, & Man. ed. 5, 101. Sida hispida, Hook. Jour. Bot. i. 198, perhaps 



1 Also northward to Minnesota, Lapham, Sandbery, ace. to Upham. 



2 Add lit. Gra.v, Proc. Am. Acad. xxii. 288, E. G. Baker, Jour. Bot. xxix. 164. With regard to 

 the doubtful S. African Malveopsis, Presl, to which Kuntze (Rev. Gen. i. 72) has uncritically reduced 

 Malvastrum, see Baker, 1. c. xxxii. 38. 



3 Add syn. and lit. Mnlveopsis rotundifolia, Kuntze, 1. c. ; Coville, Contrib. U. S. Nat, Herb, 

 iv. 74. 



4 The description of this species has been amplified to show more clearly the polj'gamous nature 

 of the flowers. 



8 Add syn. Mnlveopsis exilis, Kuntze, 1. c. 



