Abutilon. MALVACE^. 327 



wool, cordate leaves, and axillary or paniculate flowers, the petals commonly 

 yellow ; fl. summer and autumn. — Inst. 99, t. 25 ; Giiertn. Fruct. ii. 251, t. 135 ; 

 HBK. Nov. Gen. & Spec. v. 270; Gray, Gen. 111. ii. 65, t. 125, 126.^ 



§ 1. Carpels in fruit coriaceous or chartaceous, not vesicular, more or less 

 divergent or spreading at summit and mostly cuspidate or muci'onate back of 

 the proper apex. 



* Indian Mallows, introduced species, tall and large : carpels numerous (11 to 30), mostly 

 several-seeded, forming a broad capsule, hirsute at top, half inch to inch loug, each 

 hanging by thread when at length detached from the axis: leaves cordate, acuminate, 

 from repand serrulate to crenate-dentate, long-petioled. — Beloere, Shuttl. in Gra}-, PI. 

 Wright, i. 21. 



A.* TheophrAsti, Medic.2 (Velvet-leaf.) Velvety and cinereous with very short and 

 fine soft woolliness, annual: peduncles shorter than petioles: calyx very deeply .5-parted, 

 half the length of the awn-beaked capsule: petals yellow, quarter inch long. — Malv. 28; 

 E. G. Baker, Jour. Bot. xxxi. 214. A. Avicenna, Gairtn. 1. c. Sida Abutilon, L. Spec. ii. 

 685; Schk. Handb. t. 190. — A common weed in waste and cult, grounds, Maine to North 

 Carolina, and westward at least to Kansas and Nebraska.^ (Nat. from Eu., Asia.) 



A. iNDicuM, Sweet,* var. nfRxuM, Griseb. Frutescent, velvety-canescent with short fine wool- 

 liness and branches hirsute or villous with clammy spreading hairs : peduncles equalling or 

 shorter than petioles: carpels 15 to 30 in a globular capsule, little surpassing the calyx, 

 barely mucronate : petals yellow, commonly purple at base, half inch or more long. — Fl. 

 W. Ind. 78. A. hirtinn, Sweet, Hort. Brit. i. 53 ; Don, Syst. i. 503. A. graveolens, Wight 

 & Arn. Prodr. Fl. Ind. 56. Sida hirta, Lam. Diet. i. 7; Reichenb. Ic. Bot. Exot. ii. 152. 

 Beloere cistijlora, Shuttl. in distr. pi. Rugel, 94. — Key West, Rugel, and perhaps elsewhere.* 

 (Nat. from W. Ind. and Ind.) 



A. pedunculAre, HBK. Velvety-tomeutose and under face of leaves very canesceut, the 

 branches and stalks villous or hirsute : peduncles equalling or surpassing the petioles (2 to 



4 inches long) : calyx deeply 5-cleft and with reduplicate-augled base ; lobes ovate : petals 

 rose-color, half inch or more long, little longer than the calyx : capsule with mucronate 

 divergent beaks. — Nov. Gen. & Spec. v. 273, fide Griseb. 1. c. ; Chapm. Fl. ed. 2, 609. 

 Sida Hidseana, Torr. & Gray, Fl. i. 233 (imperfect specimen), therefore Abutilon Hulseanum, 

 Torr. in Gray, PI. Fendl. 23; Chapm. Fl. 56. — S. Florida; 6 first coll. by Hulse at Tampa 

 Bay, perhaps not of human introduction. (W. Ind., S. Am.) 



A. JAcQuiNi, Don (Syst. i. 503, Gray, Proc. Am. Acad. xxii. 300, not Chapm. ; A. Ugnosum, 

 A. Rich. Fl. Cub. 152, Griseb. Fl. W. Ind. 79, but not Sida lignosa, Cav. ; A. hypoleucum, 

 Gray, PI. Wright, i. 20), of Mexico, comes near the U. S. boundary. It may be known by its 

 seemingly cordate sepals equalling the hirsute erect-awned carpels. 



* * Carpels 7 to 10, at maturity about half to one third inch long, few-seeded (seeds mostly 

 3, one above the other), from soft-pubescent to canescent-puberulent, at separation hardly 

 showing an attaching thread, thin-coriaceous to membranaceous : perennials, with cordate 

 leaves and yellow corolla. 



-I— Fruit villous-pubescent, equalled by the calyx : corolla orange : flowers at least partly 

 naked-paniculate. Extra-limital species. 



' Add E. G. Baker, Jour. Bot. xxxi. 71. 



2 Name changed from the later A. Avicennoe, in accordance with the " Kew Rule." Abutilon 

 Abutilon, Rusby, Mem. Torr. Club, v. 222, is also a synonym. 



8 Said al«o to occur in California, cf. Greene, Man. Bay-Reg. 67. 



* Typical A. Indicum, widelj' distrib. in tropics of both hemi.ipheres, has none of the glandular 

 pubescence of the present variety, which by Schumann (in Mart. Fl. Bras. xii. pt. 3, 384) is regarded 

 as a distinct species, A. hirtum, Sweet, while E. G. Baker follows Masters in ranking it a variety of 

 A. grnveolens, Wight & Arn. But Wight and Arnott (Prodr. Fl. Ind.) state that all these forms, 

 incl. A. Indicum, "seem to pass by insensible gradations into each other." 



5 Also on the coast of Florida, ace. to Chapman. 



6 Now extending at least to Central Florida, where coll. near Eustis, by Nash. 



