354 ZYGOPHYLLACE^. Tribulus. 



T. cistoides, L. Perennial : leaves silky-canescent, sometimes glabrate and greener : 

 leaflets oblong, 3 to 5 lines long : petals usually an inch long, equalling the peduncle : car- 

 pels 3-5-seeded, tuberculate, armed with two to four long and stout spines. — Spec. i. 387 ; 

 Jacq. Hort. Schcenb. t. 103; Gray, 1. c. 116, t. 145; Griseb. Fl. W. Ind. 134. — Coast 

 of S. Florida; also southwestern borders of Arizona. (Trop. cosmopolite mostly on sea 

 coasts.) 



T.* TEKRESTRis, L. Silky-villous annual, branched from the base; branches elongated, de- 

 cumbent : leaflets 5 to 7 pairs, small, oblong : short-peduncled flowers small : pale yellow 

 petals a line or two in length, scarcely exceeding the sepals : hirtellous carpels with median 

 warty or spinulose crest and 2 (to 4) stout spreading spines (those from neighboring sides 

 of adjacent carpels approximate in pairs). — Spec. i. 387 ; Reichenb. Ic. Fl. Germ. v. t. 161 ; 

 Schk. Handb. t. 115. — Not infrequently collected on ballast and made land in the Midd.and 

 S. Atlantic States, Brown, Parker ; also found at Newport, Rock Co., Nebraska, J. M. Bates, 

 communicated by Prof. Brittou. 



§ 2. Calyx mostly deciduous : cells of the ovary double the number of the 

 petals (8 to 10) aad uniovulate, sometimes one or more of the alternate ones 

 abortive : seed solitary and suspended in the cells. 



T.* Californicus, Watson.^ Depressed, cinereous-pubescent : leaflets (4 to) 5 or 6 pairs, 

 2 or 3 lines long, half as broad : petals 2 or 3 lines long : fruit ovate in outline, conspicuously 

 beaked, the maturing carpels 2 lines long, armed with a few equal short rather sharp but 

 soft spines. — Proc. Am. Acad. xi. 125; Brew. & Wats. Bot. Calif, i. 91 ; Gray, Proc. Am. 

 Acad. xxii. 306."^ — S. Arizona, Primjle, Lemmon. (Northern Mex., Palmer ; Lower Calif., 

 Palmer, Brandegee.) 



T.* brachyst^lis, Robinson, n. comb. Leaflets only 4 pairs, when fully developed con- 

 siderably larger than in the last preceding species, 5 or 6 lines long, half as broad, very 

 oblique at the base : calyx commonly deciduous much before the maturity of the fruit : petals 

 2 or 3 lines long, little exceeding the sepals, orange-yellow : carpels 9 or 10, carinate and 

 bearing a few low warts; style short, not a line in length. — Kallstroemia maxima, Gray, 

 PI. Wright, ii. 26. K. brachi/stylis, A. M. Vail, Bull. Torr. Club, xxiv. 206. — New Mexico, 

 east side of Rio Grande, Wright, no. 912, at Mesilla, Hat/es, and on mesa near Las Cruces, 

 3,900 feet, Wooton. (Guaymas, Mex., Palmer.) Distinguished from the following by its 

 more promptly deciduous calyx, deeper-colored petals, and shorter style. 



§ 3. Calyx more or less persistent : cells of the ovary by duplication double 

 the number of the petals, 10 or 12, all fertile and uniovulate, at maturity form- 

 ing as many rugose or barely tuberculate akeniform nutlets, which fall away 

 from a persistent styliferous axis ; solitary seed suspended : stamens opposite the 

 petals adnate to their bases : ours annuals, and the stems ascending. — Kallstroemia, 

 Scop. Introd. 212; Endl. 1. c. no. 6031 ; Gray, Gen. 111. ii. 117, t. 146. 



T. maxiniUS, L. Hirsute-pubescent : leaflets 2 to 4 pairs, oblong or oval, 4 to 9 lines long: 

 peduncles not surpassing the leaves : sepals oblong-lanceolate, or in age linear, not surpassing 

 the mature carpels : petals greenish yellow, quarter inch long : conical or thickened style 

 hardly longer than the carpels (2 lines long), all but its base often deciduous from the fruit. 

 — Spec. i. 386 (Sloane, Hist. Jam. i. 209, t. 132, whence Linnaeus took the inappropriate 

 name) ; Jacq. Ic. Rar. t. 462 ; Ell. Sk. i. 476. T. terrestris, Muhl. Cat. 42. T. trijugatus, 

 Nutt. Gen. i. 277, but fruit wrong. Kallstroemia maxima, Torr. & Gray, Fl. i. 213 ; Gray, 

 Gen. 111. ii. 118, t. 146 ; Engler in Mart. Fl. Bras. xii. pt. 2, 71. — Texas ^ to Arizona and 

 borders of California; and naturalized eastward to Georgia and Florida. (Mex., S. 

 Am., &c.) 



1 Description somewhat amplified to exclude more clearh'the next following species. 



2 Add syn. KalUtrcemia Caltfornica, A. M. Vail, Bull. Torr. Chib, xxii. 230. 



8 Northward to Oklahoma Territory, where a noxious weed, ace. to Carleton, and Kansas, Smyth, 

 Hitchcock. 



