Xanthoxylum. RUTACE^. 373 



broad, orbicular or round-oval, rarely notched at either end. — Spec. i. 118 (Dill. Elth. 

 t. 122) ; Lam. 111. t. 84; Nouv. Duham. i. t. 57 ; Torr. & Gray, Fl. i. 215 ; Gray, Gen. 111. 

 ii. 150, t. 157.1 p_ pentandra, & P. podocarpa, DC. Prodr. ii. 83? P. viticifoUa, Salisb. 

 Prodr. 68. — W. New Yorii, Canadian shore of Lake Erie, to Minnesota, south to Florida 

 and Texas. (Mex.) 



Var. mollis, Tore. & Gray. Puberulent, smaller-leaved : leaflets at maturity sericeous- 

 tomentose beneath or rarely glabrate, less pointed, seldom over 2 inches long : samara half to 

 three fourths inch long, often retuse at base and apex. — Fl. i. 680. P. mollis, Curtis Am. Jour. 

 Sci. ser. 2, vii. 406.^ — Texas to S. Colorado and Arizona; also (?) Wilmington, N. C. 

 P, Baldwinii, Torr. & Gray, 1. c. 215. Pleasant-scented {Lindheimer), or sometimes 

 unpleasant (Brewer), glabrous or early glabrate : leaflets chartaceo-membranaceous, oval to 

 oblong-lanceolate or obovate-spatulate, obtuse or some acute or slightly acuminate, an inch 

 or two long, all contracted and terminal one attenuate at base : samara orbicular or oblate, 

 more commonly eniarginate at both ends, half to two thirds inch in diameter. Founded on 

 depauperate flowering specimen. — P. angustifolia, Benth. PI. Hartw. 9 (flowering speci- 

 mens) ; Gray, PI. Fendl. 28; Wats. Bot. King Exp. 50; Brew. & Wats. Bot. Calif, i. 97.3 — 

 E. Florida, Baldwin, Rugel, and Texas to Northern California and southward ; common in 

 Arizona. (Mex.) Various forms, some too near the preceding ; others pass into 



Var. parvifolia, Gray. Leaflets less than inch long, spatulate or oblong-lanceolate : 

 samara barely half inch in diameter. — Gray in Patterson, Checklist, 1892, 18. P. parvi- 

 folia, Gray in Hemsl. Biol. Centr.-Am. Bot. i. 170, as to pi. Gregg, Buenavista, and fruit 

 described. — St. George, S. Utah, and Arizona, Palmer. (Mex., Gregg, Palmer.) 



5. XANTHOXYLUM, L. as Zanthoxylum. Prickly Ash, Tooth- 

 ache-tree. (Name composed of |av^d?, yellow, and ^vkov, wood, apparently 

 originated by Plukenet, whose first species was a Fustic, and this accounts for 

 the name " Yellow-wood" a quality which seems not to be marked in any W. 

 Indian species, and does not occur in the N. American. The original faulty 

 form of Zanthoxylum has been continued by most classical botanists ; but, as 

 Miller very early wrote Xanthoxylum and nearly a dozen authors have followed 

 him, including Smith, Sprengle, and Lindley, and as the correction of the initial 

 letter in this case will, happily, give little inconvenience in indexes, it is best to 

 adopt it.) — Bitter and pungent aromatic trees or shrubs (largely tropical and 

 subtropical) ; with alternate mostly imparipinnate leaves, often prickly stems and 

 stalks, and small white or greenish flowers in cymes or fascicles, produced in 

 spring. — Hort. Cliff. 487, & Gen. ed. 5, no. 335 ; Gray, Gen. 111. ii. 147, t. 156 ; 

 Benth. & Hook. Gen. i. 297 ; Triana &, Planch. Ann. Sci. Nat. ser. 5, xiv. 308. 



— Our few species represent almost as many sections. 



§ 1. Perianth simple, 5-merous : flowers in umbelliform sessile fascicles from 

 axils of deciduous and sometimes abruptly pinnate leaves ; the rhachis wingless. 



— Zanthoxylum, Golden ex L. 



X. Americanum, Mill. (Prickly Ash.) Shrub or vary small tree, with short prickles 

 in pairs occupying the position of stipules, and commonly some slender ones on the petioles, 

 flowering along the naked branches just before the leaves of the season develop : leaves 



1 Add Sargent, Silv. i. 76, t. 3.3, 34. 



2 Add syn. P. f tomentosa, Raf. Fl. Liidov. 108. 



3 Add syn. P. crenulatn, Greene, Pittonia, i. 216, apparently a mere form thorough!}' confluent 

 with the Texano-Mexican plant which also often has crenulate leaves. Prof. Greene's description of 

 the odors of the two forms is quite at variance with the accounts of the above mentioned collectors who 

 have made notes upon the subject. It is probable that the odor varies considerably in diiTerent indi- 

 viduals even in the same locality. P. trifoliata, var. angustifolia, Jones, Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci. 

 ser. 2. v. 629. 



