378 . SIMARUBACE^. Suriana. 



short-stipitate, 2-celled, tapering into the subulate style ; stigma terminal, obtuse ; ovules 

 numerous in each cell, on central placenta, horizontal or descending, anatropous. Fruit a 

 globular small berry, becoming dry, 2-celled ; cells by abortion 1-2-seeded ; seed circinate- 

 cochleate, with crustaceous testa ; embryo annular, in a very thin stratum of albumen ; 

 cotyledons semiterete ; radicle ascending. 



8. CANOTIA. Calyx small, 5-lobed, imbricated in the bud, persistent. Petals 5, imbricated 

 in the bud, oblong, enlarging in anthesis, deciduous. Stamens 5, alternate with the petals ; 

 filaments filiform, naked, persistent ; anthers apiculate. Ovary ovoid, with a solid base or 

 gynobase, above with 5 small cells (opposite the petals) and about 6 amphitropous ovules 

 in each cell ; style persistent, elongating ; stigma truncate, 5-crenate. Fruit drupaceous- 

 capsular, oblong-ovoid, pointed with the subulate indurated style ; thin fleshy epicarp at 

 length dry, persistent on the woody and thicker endocarp, in age dehiscent above through 

 the persistent style into 1 short and slender-tipped valves ; no columella ; seeds solitary or 

 a pair in each cell ; nucleus oval or oblong with a close subcoriaceous coat, below the insertion 

 produced into a membranaceous wing ; embryo straight in a thin stratum of fleshy albumen ; 

 cotyledons oblong, flat ; radicle short, inferior. 



1. SURIANA, Plum. {D. Surian, a French physician.) — Nov. Gen. 



37, t. 40 ; L. Gen. no. 852 ; Lam. 111. t. 389 ; Benth. & Hook. Gen. i. 313 ; 



Baill. Hist. PI. iv. 427, 511, f. 526-529. — Single species. 



S. maritima, L. Shrub a yard or two high, soft-pubescent, thickly branched : leaves 

 linearspatulate, alternate, entire, thickish and veinless, much crowded on the branches : 

 flowers solitary or few and short-ped uncled in terminal clusters : sepals ovate, acuminate, 

 equalling the yellow petals, 3 lines long. — Spec. i. 284 (Sloaue, Jam. ii. 29, t. 162, f. 4; 

 Pluk. Aim. t. 241, f. 5) ; DC. Prodr. ii. 91. — Sea-shore, Florida. (Most tropical coasts.) 



2. AILANTHUS, Desf. Ailantus-tree, Chinese Sumach, &c. 



(Ailanto, said to be native name of Chinese species, and to mean Tree of ffeaiwn. 



Name often corrected to Ailantus, bnt it was published in the other form.) — 



Mem. Acad. Sci. Par. 1786, 265, t. 8. 



A. glandtjl6sus, Desf. 1. c. Tall tree, of rapid growth, bitter bark, and somewhat ill-scented 

 foliage, not glandular : leaves very large, pinnately 13-27-foliolate ; leaflets oblong-ovate, 

 acuminate, entire or with a few irregular coarse teeth : flowers in panicles, in early summer, 

 yellowish white, very ill-scented, especially the sterile : keys 2 inclies long. — L'Her. Stirp. 

 Am. t. 84. — Much planted as a shade tree, and often self-sown, especially in or near eastern 

 towns, becoming naturalized southward. (Nat. from China.) 



3. SIMARtJBA, Aubl. Bitter- wood. (Supposed native name.) — Trop- 

 ical American trees, with very bitter bark, alternate abruptly pinnate leaves on 

 naked petioles, and rather small white flowers in terminal and axillary compound 

 panicles. — PI. Guian. ii. 859, t. 331, 332 (Simarouba) ; Benth. & Hook. Gen. 

 i. 309 ; Engler in Mart. Fl. Bras. xii. pt. 2, 222, t. 45. 



S. glauca, DC. (Paradise-tree.) Tree 30 to 50 feet high, glabrous: leaflets 7 to 12, 

 coriaceous, shining above, pale and glaucescent beneath, obovate-oblong, commonly retuse, 

 beneath transversely veined from a prominent midrib : anthers linear-oblong ; short appen- 

 dage to the filament densely villous : drupes olive-shaped, almost inch long, scarlet. — Ann. 

 Mus. Par. xvii. 323, & Prodr. i. 733; Chapm. Fl. 67; Nutt. Sylv. iii. 20, t. 87 (poor); 

 Engler, 1. c. 224.1 S. medicinalis, Endl. Mediz. 528, &c. Quassia Simnruba, Wright, Trans. 

 Edinb. Roy. Soc. ii. 73, t. I, 2. — Keys of S. Florida. (W. Ind. to Brazil.) 



4. CASTELA, Turpin. (Bene Castel, wrote a poem upon plants.) — Spinose 

 shrubs (of subtropical American coasts), with small and entire alternate leaves of 

 coriaceous texture, and small flowers solitary or fascicled in their axils. Wood 



1 Add Sargent, Silv. i. 91, t. 38, 39. 



