424 VITACE^. . Vids. 



medium, ovate-acuminate, dark greeu and glossy, sometimes indistinctly pubescent on the 

 nerves below, the siuus obtuse, the blade either nearly continuous in outline or (commonly) 

 prominently lobed or even parted, coarsely notched : stamens in the sterile flowers long and 

 erect: clusters loose and long-pcduncled, branched ; the flowers opening late; berries small 

 and late (\ to | inch in diameter), Idack without bloom, with little juice and commonly con- 

 taining but a single seed, which is large and broad. — Symb. iii. 42 ; DC. Prodr. i. 63.5 ; 

 Engelm. Bushberg Cat. ed. 3, 17, & Bot. Gaz. viii. 254; Munson, Trans. Am. Hort. Soc. 

 iii. 133, & Proc. Am. Pom. Soc. xx. 97 ; Sargent, Gard. &For. ii. 340, f. 118. V. monosperma, 

 Michx. Journ. 124. V. rubra, Michx. ace. to Planch, in DC. Monogr. Phaner. v. 354 ; Mil- 

 lardet, Vignes Am. 223; Munson, Wild Grapes N. A. 13, Am. Gard. xii. 586, & Rev. Vit. v. 

 165; Foex, Vitic. 48 ; Viala & Ravaz, Vignes Am. 145. V. riparia, var. pahnata, Planch. 

 1. c. 352. — A handsome plant ; Illinois and Missouri to Louisiana and Texas. 

 ^^ ^_ Cord i folia-like grapes, with thickish and dull-colored or grayish green leaves often 

 holding some close dull pubescence below at maturity (and the shoots and leaves nearly 

 always more or less pubescent when young), tlie teeth mostly short or at least not deep- 

 cut, the point mostly triangular and conspicuous. 



++ Plant strong and climbing, with stout persistent tendrils. 

 = Young shoots terete, and glabrous or very soon becoming .so. 



V. COrdif61ia, Michx. (True Frost Grape, Chicken, Raccoon, or Winter Grape.) 



One of the most vigorous of American vines, climbing to the tops of the tallest trees, and 

 sometimes making a trunk 1 or 2 feet in diameter : internodes long ; the diapliragms thick 

 and strong : petioles long ; leaves long-cordate, triangular-cordate with a rounded base, or 

 cordate-ovate, undivided but sometimes very indistinctly 3-lobed or 3-angled, tlie basal sinus 

 rather deep and narrow and normally acute, the margin with large .angular acute teeth of 

 different sizes and the point long and acute, the upper surface glossy and the lower bright 

 green and either becoming perfectly glabrous or bearing some close and fine inconspicuous 

 grayisli pubescence on the veins : stamens erect in tlie sterile flowers and short reflexed- 

 curved in the fertile ones : clusters long and very many-flowered, most of the pedicels 

 branched or at least liearing a cluster of flowers ; berries numerous and small (about | inch 

 in diameter), in a loose bunch, black and only very slightly glaucous, late and persistent, 

 with a thick skin and little pulp, becoming edible after frost ; seeds medium and broad.- — 

 Fl. ii. 231 ; Pursh, Fl. i. 169 ; DC. Prodr. \. 6.34 ; Torr. & Gray, Fl. i. 244 ; Engelm. Am. 

 Nat. ii. 321, ix. 269, Bull. Torr. Club, vi. 233, & Busliberg Cat. ed. 3, 17 ; Planch. 1. c. 350 ; 

 Millardet, Vignes Am. 169, t. 18, 19, 23 ; Munson, Trans. Am. Hort. Soc. iii. 133, Proc. Am. 

 Pom. Soc. XX. 97, Wild Grapes N. A. 13, Gard. & For. iii. 474, Am. Gard. xii. 586, & Rev. Vit. 

 V. 165; Focix, Vitic. 41 ; Britton in Bailey, Am. Gard. xiv. 353 ; Viala & Ravaz, Vignes, 

 Am. 93. V. pullaria, LeConte, Proc. Acad. Philad. vi. 273, & Flora 1853, 708. V. vulpina, 

 var. cordifolia, Regel, Act. Hort. Petrop. ii. 394. — In thickets and along streams- from 

 Pennsylvania (and probably S. New York) to E. Kansas and southwards to Florida and 

 Texas. 



Var. fdetida, Engelm., has fetidly aromatic lierries, and grows in the Mississippi 

 Valley. — Am. Nat. ii. 321. 



Var. sempervirens, Munson. A glossy-leaved form holding its foliage very late in 

 the season : leaves sometimes suggesting forms of V. pahnata. — Rev. Vit. v. 165, f. 53. — 

 S. Florida. 



Var. Helleri, Bailey, n. var. Leaves more circular (i. e., lacking the long point), and 

 the teeth round-obtuse and ending in a short mucro. — Kerr County, S. Texas, 1600 to 2000 

 feet, Htller, no. 1750. 



= = Young shoots angled, and covered tlie flrst year with tomentum or wool. 



V. Baileyana, Munson. ('Possum Grape.) Less vigorous climber than V. cordifolia, 

 rather slender, with short internodes and very many short side shoots : petioles shorter and 

 often pubescent ; leaves frequently smaller, the larger ones sliortly but distinctly 3-lobed 

 (lobes mostly pointed and much spreading), bright green but not shining above and gray 

 below and pubescent at maturity only on the veins, the point only rarely prolonged and 

 often muticous, the teeth comparatively small and notch-like and not prominently acute, 

 siuus more open : floral organs verv small ; the stamens reflcxed in tlie fertile flowers ; 



