Vitis. VITACE^. 429 



leaves medium in size and more or less poplar-like, ranging from reniform-ovate to cordate- 

 ovate or triangular-ovate, dull above but very densely white-tonieutose Itelow and on the 

 petioles, the basal sinus very broad and open or usually none whatever (the base of the leaf 

 then nearly truncate), deeply 5-7-lobed (with enlarging rounded sinuses) on the strong 

 shoots and more or less indistinctly lobed or only angled on the normal growths, the margins 

 wavy or sinuate-toothed : stamens in the sterile flowers long and strong, tliose in the fertile 

 flowers very short and laterally reflexed : cluster small, mostly branched, hearing a dozen 

 to twenty large (J inch or less in diameter) purple or light-colored or even whitish berries, 

 which have a thick skin and a very disagreeable fiery flavor ; seeds large, pyriform. — 

 Engelm. in Gray, PI. Lindh. pt. 2, 166, Am. Nat. ii. 321, & Bushberg Cat. ed. 3, 1.5 ; Planch. 

 1. c. 326; Munson, Trans. Am. Hort. Soc. iii. 137, Proc. Am. Pom. Soc. xx. 97, Wild Grapes 

 N. A. 11, Gard. & For. iii. 474, & Am. Gard. xii. 661 ; Foex, Vitic. 34; Viala & Ravaz, 

 Vignes Am. 61. V. Miistangensis, Buckley, Pat. Off. Rep. 1861, 482, Proc. Acad. Philad. 

 1861, 451, & 1870, 136. V. Labrusca, var. Jicifolia, Kegel, Act. Hort. Petrop. ii. 396.— 

 E. Texas, mostly on limestone soils. 



Var. coriacea, Bailey, n. comb. (Leather-leaf or Calloosa Grape.) Differs 

 from the species chiefly in bearing much smaller (about ^ inch iu diameter) tliinner-skinned 

 and more edible gi-apes with mostly smaller seeds, and perhaps a less tendency to ver^^ deep 

 lobing in the leaves on young shoots and possibly rather more marked rustiuess on the young 

 growths. — V. coriacea, Shuttl. distr. pi. Rugel (Chapm. Fl. S. States, 71 ) ; Planch. 1. c. 345 ; 

 Munson, Wild Grapes N. A. 11, Gard. & For. iii. 474, & Am. Gard. xii. 661 ; Foex, Vitic. 

 34; Viala & Ravaz, Vignes Am. 61. V. Cariba'a, Chapm. Fl. 71.; Munson, Trans. Am. Hort. 

 Soc. iii. 136 ; not DC. — Florida, chiefly southward, in which range various Texan plants 

 reappear. The more agreeable quality of the fruit is probably the result of a more equable 

 and moister climate. 

 V. Simpsoni, Munson. Distinguished by mostly much-cut leaves on the young shoots 

 and comparatively thin large and large-toothed ones on the main shoots, rusty-white tomen- 

 tum below and very prominently brown-tomentose young growths, — the character of the 

 leaves and tomentnm varying widely, the foliage sometimes becoming almost blue-green 

 below. — Proc. Soc. Prom. Agr. Sci 1887, 59, Wild Grapes N. A. 12, Gard. & For. iii. 474, 

 Am. Gard. xii. 661 (said to be hybrid of V. coriacea and V. cinerea), & Rev. Vit. v. 164, 

 f. 52 ; Viala & Ravaz, Vignes Am. 221 (calling it a hybrid of V. cinerea and V. coriacea). 

 — Central Florida, Lake Co., Nash, no. 399; Manatee River, Rufjel, no. 112, etc. This is 

 likely a hybrid of V. (cstivalis and V. candicans, var. coriacea. Some forms of it are very 

 like V. Labrusca, and might be mistaken for that species. 



++ ++ Tendrils mostly continuous (a tendril or inflorescence opposite every node). 



V. Labrusca, L. (Fox Grape, Skunk Grape.) A strong vine, climbing high on thickets 

 and trees : young shoots tawny or fuscous with much scurfy down : leaves large and thick, 

 strongly veined (especially beneath), broadly cordate-ovate, mostly obscurely 3-lobed towards 

 the top (on strong growths the sinuses sometimes extending a third or even half the 

 depth of the blade, and rounded and edentate at the bottom) or sometimes nearly con- 

 tinuous iu outline and almost deltoid-ovate, the petiolar sinus mostly sliallow and very open 

 (ranging to narrow and half or more the length of the petiole), the margins shallowly 

 scallop-toothed with mucro-pointed teeth (or sometimes almost entire), and tlie apex and 

 lobes acute, the upper surface dull green and becoming glabrous but the lower surface 

 densely covered with a tawny-white, dun-colored or red-brown tomentum : stamens long and 

 erect in the sterile flowers and (in wild forms) short and recurved iu tlie fertile ones : raceme 

 short (berries usually less than 20 in wild types), generally simple or very nearly so, in an- 

 thesis about the length of the peduncle : berries large and nearly splierical, ranging from 

 purple-black (the common color) to red-brown and amber-green, generally falling from the 

 pedicel when ripe, variable in taste but mostly sweetish musky and sometimes slightly 

 astringent, the skin thick and tough ; seeds very large and thick. — Spec. i. 203, in part ; 

 Torr. & Gray, Fl. i. 244; Gray, Gen. 111. ii. t. 161 ; Engelm. Bushberg Cat. ed. 3, 14; Mil- 

 lardet, Vignes Am. 219; Munson, Trans. Am. Ilort. Soc. iii. 136, Proc. Am. Pom. Soc. xx. 

 97, & Rev. Vit. v. 157 ; Britton in Bailey, Am. Gard. xiv. 3,53; Viala & Ravaz, Vignes Am. 

 51. V. vulpina, Bartram, Med. Rep. hex. 2, i. 21, and otlier autliors. V. Blaiidi, Prince, 

 Vine, 177. V. Labrusca, var. typica, Regel, Act. Hort. Petrop. ii. 395. — New England and 



