HOW TO MAKE VIVARIA. y 13 
Vivarium the Newts cannot be seen properly when in the water 
where they always exhibit themselves to the greatest advantage. 
The hole in the centre of the lid need not be covered, for the 
Newts, though excellent climbers, cannot escape. The larger 
the Aquarium is, the better. 
Fig. 14 is the representation of a case which is useful for 
Water-Tortoises, Frogs, Toads, Newts, and Salamanders. It is 
provided with a rather large tank. The vessel which forms 
the tank isshaped by pressure in tin, and can be bought of an 
ironmonger for a few pence. It is made with a lip which 
prevents it from slipping through the hole which is cut in the 
Fic. 14.—CASE FOR TORTOISES, FROGS, TOADS, NEWTS, SALAMANDERS, &t, 
A, Holes, covered with Zinc, for Ventilation; B, Opening for dropping 
Food into the Case. 
floor of the Vivarium for its reception. There are two ad- 
vantages in arranging the tank like this: the water is easily 
accessible to the Reptiles within the case; and in winter it may 
be kept warm by placing a lamp beneath the tank. It is pro- 
vided with a pipe by which it can be emptied. The interior of 
the tin ought to be painted with Brunswick black, to prevent 
leakage through rust. 
In a tank similarly arranged, but very much larger, I keep an 
Alligator, and the water is easily maintained at the proper heat 
by avery small flame. The lower groove in which the glass 
