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INTRODUCTORY. 0 
70ft. in length, exceeding in size any land animals. Some 
were fitted for a terrestrial life, others for an aquatic. Most 
of them were herbivorous, few carnivorous. 
4. Ornithosauria (ornis, ornithos, a bird; sauros, a lizard). — 
Extinct flying Reptiles. 
. Crocodilia (krokodeilos, a crocodile).—Crocodiles, Alligators, ete. 
6. Sauropterygia (sauros, a lizard; pteryx, pterygos, wing—or fin- 
like). — Extinct Sea Reptiles, having a small head, a long 
neck and tail, a naked skin, and four paddle-like limbs. 
7. ERhynchocephalia (rhynchos, a beak ; kephale, a head).—Lizard- 
like Reptiles, of which there is only one living representative, 
viz., the Hatteria. 
*8. Lacertilia (lacerta, a lizard).—Lizards. 
*9. Ophidia (orphis, a serpent).—Snakes. 
10. Chelonia (chelone, a tortoise).—Tortoises and Turtles. 
Or 
The Batrachia are arranged in four Orders, of which one is 
extinct : 
1. Eeaudata.—Those Batrachians, such as Frogs and Toads, 
which lose the tail of tadpolehood before they reach maturity. 
2. Caudata.—Those Amphibians, such as the Newts, which retain 
the tail throughout life. 
3. Apoda or Ophimorpha.—Batrachians of a snake-like appear- 
ance —e.g., the Cecilia. 
4, Labyrinthodonta.—The animals belonging to this order are ex- 
tinct. They were crocodile-like Batrachians upwards of 12ft. 
in length. Their curious and beautiful teeth have given them 
the above title. 
Reptiles may be defined as cold-blooded, oviparous, or ovovivi- 
parous vertebrate animals, breathing by means of lungs. Their 
bodies, which go through no transformation at any portion of 
their lives, are covered with scales or shelly plates. 
Batrachians, or Amphibians, are also, as the Reptiles, cold- 
blooded, oviparous or ovoviviparous, vertebrate animals; but, 
unlike the Reptiles, they commence their life in the water, 
breathing there by means of branchiz, or gills, and undergo a 
transformation. 
As Reptiles and Batrachians are cold-blooded animals they are 
*These two orders are now, by some authorities, considered as one under the title 
of Squamata, or scale-covered reptiles (Sguama, a scale). 
