394 THE VIVARIUM. 
has lived in captivity for a great many years. It should be 
treated, while in confinement, in the same way as has been 
suggested for the management of the Gigantic Salamander. It is 
a very free feeder. 
C. alleghaniensis has a very stout body; a large, broad, and 
very depressed head; a rounded snout; very small nostrils, and 
tiny black eyes; a much depressed body ; short and stout limbs, 
and short, flat fingers and toes, the outer fingers and toes being 
bordered with well-developed membranes ; a short, compressed, 
finned tail, with a round end; a skin which is porous and fairly 
smooth; tubercles on the head, and a fold of skin on the sides of 
the body. The colour of the animal is brownish-grey, with 
darker spots. Its fingers and toes are yellow. When fully 
srown, the Hell Bender sometimes reaches a length of 18in. 
The Amphiuma, or Three-toed Salamander (Amphiwmatridactyla), 
is a strange, very eel-like looking animal, possessing two pairs of 
very small limbs, the fore-limbs being placed very wide apart 
from the hind ones. Each limb is provided with three digits. 
The Amphiuma will live fora great many years in captivity. 
The large, blind specimen which is now in the Reptile House, 
Regent’s Park, London, has been in the Zoological Gardens 
there since, I think, 1870. When fully grown, 4. tridactyla 
sometimes reaches a length of 24ft. Like an eel, it will frequently 
bury itself in the mud at the bottom of the water in which 
it lives. In a state of nature it feeds upon young fish, small 
crustaceans, worms, and almost any aquatic animal it may happen 
to meet with. It occasionally leaves the water, out of which it 
can live withcut injury for at least twenty-four hours. 
While in captivity, it should be provided with a large tank 
of fresh water, having a good depth at its bottom of coarse and 
clean river sand. Its food may consist of fish, worms, and pieces 
of meat. The Amphiuma is a native of the River Mississippi and 
its tributaries, and the streams of the State of Louisiana. 
A. tridactyla has, in addition to the limbs already mentioned, 
a tongue which is entirely adherent to the floor of the mouth ; 
large vomerine teeth; a gill opening on each side of the neck, 
partly covered with a fold of thin skin; four branchial arches ; 
a small head with a long snout; small nostrils and eyes; well 
