PROCTREDINGS OF THE FOURTH ENTOMOLOGICAL MEETING 251 
broodlac sticks. The latter were far in excess of the former. Both 
affect the gravid females and destroy them. Hublemma amabilis cater- 
pillars work from the side as well as from the top side of the resinous 
cells enclosing lac females on the branches. <Anatrachyntis falcatella 
caterpillars prefer to work mostly from the sides of the resinous cells. 
The caterpillar gnaws a hole at the side of a resinous cell and penetrates 
into the resinous incrustation. The passage of Hublemma caterpillars 
could be easily detected by following the tunnel filled with flat, oval, 
discs of resin mixed with body juices of their victims. In some cases 
the resinous cells are completely hollow and are filled with dark crimson, 
flat, ovalish discs. The cocoon of the caterpillar consists of whitish 
silken threads glued together with deep crimson, flat oval discs. Prior 
to pupation the Hublemma caterpillar makes a hole of exit, closes it up 
with whitish silken threads and pupates immediately below it. 
The Anatrachyntis falcatella caterpillars also make their way inside 
the resinous intrustation by gnawing bits of resin and then attacking 
the females. The bits of frass left by these caterpillars in the tunnels 
made by them are different from those of the Hublemma caterpillars. 
In this case the granules of resin are small and round, quite unlike those 
of Bublemma caterpillars. Both resinous and other granules consisting 
of chitin, dye and other visceral portions from the body of the lac 
females lie about the tunnels made by the caterpillars. 
The full-fed caterpillar is light crimson of much the same colour 
as the lac females, and as such is quite distinct from Eublemma cater- 
pillars which are white or whitish crimson. It is 5-75 mm. long, and. 
a little over 1 mm. broad. It is light to bright pinkish in colour on 
account of its meal of the lac females. The head is jet black, with small 
whitish porrect hairs. The mandibles are jet black in keeping with 
‘the general colour of the head, and are powerful. There is a shiny black 
thoracic shield with an obsolete indentation in the middle. The meso 
and meta-thoracic segments are concolorous with the abdominal seg- 
ments which are light pinkish with white sete on them. The anal 
and the penultimate segments have a chitinous shield of a light fuscous 
brown colour with whitish hair pointing caudad. There is a fine trans- 
parent, longitudinal line from the first abdominal segment to the anal 
end through which the pulsation of the heart could be seen under high 
magnification. (Plate XLIV, fig. a). 
From what I have been able to observe hitherto, it appears that 
the caterpillar in its attempts to reach the dead and dry female Jac 
cells bites its way through the living female cells as well and thereby 
causes death. In one case, a caterpillar was seen to enter the resinous 
incrustation on a Shorea talura stick from the side and within three 
3 
