T. BAINBRIGGE FLETCHER 139 
from above, but when the larve pupate it is easily distinguished on account 
of its crumpled appearance. 
When full-grown the larva is about 3°5 mm. long, slightly flattened and 
slightly tapering posteriorly, segments distinct, thoracic much broader thar 
abdominal segments ; head pale yellow tinged with brownish, much smaller 
than prothorax, flattened, tapering anteriorly ; general colour very pale yellow, 
the green contents of alimentary canal showing through the transparent skin, 
prolegs only on third to fifth abdominal segments together with the ana 
claspers ; hairs on segments long and thickened a little above the base, there 
being four such hairs on each segment. Before pupation the colour changes 
to orange-yellow. 
The larva pupates inside its mine. First the two opposite edges of the 
mine are drawn closer by means of silken threads passed across ; then a white 
silken cocoon is formed by lining this cavity with silk. The leaf becomes 
crumpled on account of the edges of all the mines being drawn together in 
this way. 
The pupa is about 3 mm. long from head to anal extremity, cylindrical, 
tapering posteriorly, yellow ; head prolonged into a pointed process, as is 
also the dorsal portion of the anal extremity ; long hairs, bent posteriorly 
scattered on the segments ; sixth abdominal segment ventrally with a paired 
lateral stiff blunt process on its posterior portion. 
Before emergence of the moth, the pupa wriggles out at one end of the 
cocoon for more than half its length, its ventral surface held away from the 
surface of the leaf. (Insectary Cage-slip 838.) 
LITHOCOLLETIS ITEINA, MEYR. 
Lithocolletis iteina, Meyr., Exot. Mier.; I, 173 (1918)(*): 
“Bred at Pusa in March from larve mining blotches on underside of 
leaves of Salix ”’(?). 
This species was reared at Pusa from larve found mining leaves of Salix 
sp. on 27th February 1916. The larva mines beneath the epidermis on the 
under surface of the leaf, there being usually only one larva in the same leaf. 
The epidermal layer, under which the larva works, becomes detached from 
the leaf tissue and contracts to a certain extent longitudinally, so as to form 
a sort of rib. The internal tissue of the leaf is not much eaten; hence the 
mine is hardly visible from the upper surface in most cases. In some cases, 
however, portions of the mesophyll tissue are nibbled and some scattered 
yellow spots appear on the upper surface. The larva is about 3 mm. long 
and 0°5 mm. broad across midbody, cylindrical, tapering posteriorly, segments 
